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你可能喜欢From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article needs additional citations for . Please help
by . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2014)
Traditional Polish p?czki
The following is a list of doughnut varieties.
are a subcategory of .
Oliebollen from Belgium and the Netherlands
Traditional Berliner pastry
The terms below constitute either names for different doughnut types created using local recipes, or for the local language translation of the term for an imported doughnut product, sometimes even described:
- , also called "Tortas Fritas" (fried pastries), is a fried
that was introduced by German immigrants similar to the .
are a popular baked doughnut found in every corner bakery. Other names that may be seen in bakeries are "Berlinesas" and Bolas de Fraile (Monk's Balls)
- Ponchik, borrowed from Russian (and similar to Polish ), is a deep-fried piece of dough shaped into a flattened sphere and filled with confiture or other sweet filling. Tukalik are similar to , and Armenian doughnuts are referred to as Chickies.
- Kuih galang
- The Austrian doughnut equivalents are called Krapfen and resemble the . Especially popular during Carnival season (), they are solid and usually filled with
jam (traditional) or
(called Vanillekrapfen). They are made from sweet
fried in fat or oil, usually with a , jam filling, or , , ,
filling, or with no filling at all. They are usually topped with , , or conventional sugar.
- besides traditional ring doughnuts,
are common in most bakeries.
or chocolate-topped doughnuts can be found in almost any cafe.
are similar to Dutch
but usually do not contain any fruit, except for apple chunks sometimes. They are typical carnival and fair snacks and are dusted with powdered sugar.
- Oby?ejné Vdolky
are a round fry bread.
- Doughnuts are referred to as Sonho, meaning dream. They were brought to Brazil by German immigrants.
- Canadian doughnuts are usually similar to those in the United States. Other Canadian variants include the , , , ,
- bar doughnuts with -flavored icing—are also occasionally found in the US, especially in neighboring states, such as ,
- bunyols, bunyols de vent, brunyols. Bunyols are a traditional Catalan pastry in the form of small balls or in a small doughnut-like shape. They can be sweet or savoury, but in their sweet form are similar to doughnuts. The American or German-style donut is called a berlina (berlines in the plural).
- Round fried filled doughnuts without holes are popular in Chile because of the large German community there and is called a Berlin (plural Berlines). They may be filled with jam or with manjar, the Chilean version of .
- Although
now features doughnut-type pastries borrowed from American and European kitchens, traditional pastries are somewhat different, often featuring thin, leathery dough surrounding plentiful mildly sweet or savory filling.
features an oval shaped pastry called
(牛脷酥, lit. " pastry" due to its tongue-like shape). A similar food is called
(沙翁), fried round dough balls with sugar sprinkled on top. A
dessert named 高力豆沙 is a variant of this with oilier dough (originally made with egg white) and filled with . Another variant uses thickened, lightly sweetened
paste for filling and is sprinkled with sesame seeds. Other types are , , , , . A salty variation are deep-fried doughnut sticks that are often quite oily, hence their name, in Mandarin,
(油條, lit. "oil strips"); in , this doughnut-style pastry is called Yàuhjagwái (油炸鬼); it is often served with , a traditional rice porridge.
- , , , , , , , , or "Pokladnice" ("poklade" meaning Carnival)
(without a hole) are usually filled with jam and dusted with sugar. Vdolky are not as high as Koblihy.
("Bavarian doughnut") also often baked in Czech has jam and thick sour cream on top. .
- The "Berliner" without a hole is available in bakeries across the country and are called Berliner like in Germany. Another variant without the filling is , normally eaten with powdered sugar and jam on the side.
(without a hole), Berliininmunkki/Piispanmunkki (no hole, sugar coating),
(with a hole), .
are sometimes described as a French doughnut, and are popular in .
- Punchula
- Bismarck [usually in the US], Kr?ppel, , is a predominantly German and Central European doughnut made from sweet yeast dough fried in fat or oil, usually without a hole. The doughnuts are either plain or filled with jams, such as apricot, ,
jam or [vanilla or other flavored] creme fillings. Some are sprinkled with powdered sugar or regular granulated sugar, and some are plain without sugar, depending on the region. Varieties and other names are , , , , , , , , . The donuts have been baked and/or fried in Germany since the celebration of Fastnacht or Fasching which started during the pagan era and continued in the catholic regions of Germany way back during the middle ages, before Martin Luther's [pronounced LUTER like Winter, no th sound] protestant revolution. Millions of delicious Kreppel of all varieties are consumed especially during Fasching but are available year round. Germany is one of the few countries that celebrates Fasching, Fastnacht or Karneval in Europe, hence some of the names for the "donuts:. Karneval is also celebrated in Italy, but without the delicious "donuts" in all their varieties. Italian carneval is also much more formal with elaborate costumes and masks. Fasching in Germany is mainly celebrated by the common people with many parades and self-made costumes and lots of partying beginning on 11-11 of any given year and ending just before Ash Wednesday the following year. It's called the 5th season.
- , , , . A doughnut-like snack called Loukoumas comes in two types, a crispy one shaped like the number 8, and a larger, softer one shaped like the number 0.
- A popular doughnut in Hawaii is the
and . They were brought to the Hawaiian Islands by early
settlers and are a variation on 's . They are small eggy[ – ] balls of yeast dough deep fried and coated in sugar.
- , a round doughnut or (bismarck Doughnuts) (without a hole) and dusted with sugar, and , a flat fried bread made of yeast dough, served with sour cream and toppings like cheese, ham or chopped onions.
traditionally contain raisins.
are savoury rings of dough made from lentils that are popular in
They are not necessarily fried. Varieties of sweet doughnut-like pastries includes "" or . They are made like an old-fashioned doughnut by frying the dough in oil, and are soaked in sugar syrup and sometimes flavored with spices. Badushah does not have the center hole. Another sweet in India is "", known elsewhere as jalebi.
are a Tamil sweet doughnut with a long history. Another similar dessert is
- ball-shaped pastry from -based quick dough that is fried and floated in
flavored sweet syrup.
is known as an I a fritter that comes in ring shape and is made from combination of flour and mashed potatoes, coated in powder sugar or icing sugar.
- , a fritter that comes in various shapes and sizes and coated in a sticky-sweet syrup.
(???????, plural Sufganyot), like the German , , , the Polish , or the Russian , are fried, pierced and injected with jelly or , and then topped with powdered sugar or frosting. They have become a traditional
food in recent decades. Traditionally they are filled with red jelly and topped with sugar icing. However, many other varieties exist, the more expensive ones being filled with dulce de leche.
- , , , () Bastoncello, () , , ,
(this may not be classifiable as doughnut, but it is fried pastry, in a " style) , , , , , , ,
(, ) and .
(Okinawa),
(fish-shaped). In Japan,
(あんドーナッツ, lit. "bean jam doughnut") is widely available and is similar to Germany's Berliner, except it contains . Deep fried dough filled with Japanese-style curry called カレーパン is also very popular.
- (Channel Islands)
- sweet, triangular shaped breakfast delicacy enjoyed with a
side dish (baazi), made out of flour and sugar, originally from .
are doughnuts with jam filling and sugar coating. There is also a local variety of doughnuts made from cottage cheese dough ("Var?k?s spurgos") which contains no filling.
- , , . The Mexican Donas are very similar to doughnuts i the dona is a fried-dough pastry-based snack, commonly coated with
or granulated sugar, or dipped in chocolate. A pelona, alike Berliner, is a pastry similar to local doughnut with no central hole made from sweet yeast dough (Danish dough) deep fried usually in oil, filled with vanilla
(in this case local manjar) and few raisins, conventional sugar as topping. Starting on a local doughnut`s dough, rolled, shape molded, deep fried, sliced, opened two halves, filled, recap and toped. Is a really popular snack in the street food`s vending but rarelly seen in bakerys or any other food menus because it?s dense and heavy carbohidrated load.
(from German cuisine)
is a traditional Dutch food eaten on
and at fairs. They are like a round doughnut without a hole (similar to trademarked plain "donut holes" in the US). Oliebollen is a traditional treat that are usually sold along with
(apple ) at supermarkets or from specially set up street carts during the week after .
- Cream-filled doughnut.
- Local varieties of Donuts (donat) are sold by peddlers and street vendors throughout the Philippines. Local varieties are usually made of plain well-mead dough, deep-fried in refined coconut oil and sprinkled with refined sugar.
(or ) is doughnut-like local pastry. The dough is made of one long piece that doubles on itself, and is twisted, deep-fried and coated with coarse-grained sugar. It sometimes may come with a cheese filling. Local doughnuts have a chewier texture than Western ones. In the Philippines, doughnuts are a popular
or mid-day snack. Some doughnuts here are sprinkled with cocoa powder.
- , round jam-filled doughnuts. P?czki have been known in Poland at least since the Middle Ages. J?drzej Kitowicz wrote that during the reign of the
under influence of French cooks who came to Poland at that time, p?czki dough baked in Poland has been improved, so that p?czki became lighter, spongier, and more resilient.
(filled with sweet cheese).
- , Russian "ponchiki" (: пончики), and "pyshki" (: пышки, as well as Ukrainian "pampushky"(: пампушки), are the equivalent designations for the polish , but could be filled with cream or jam, or left plain. More traditional are deep-fried "pirozhki" (Russian : пирожки and Ukrainian : пир?жки) that likely originated from similar pastries of the Turkic tribes in the
that invaded in 1237. "Pirozhki" is a generic term given to filled pastries with yeast dough and fruit, dairy (cheese or custard) or savory filling, that could be baked pan fried or deep-fried in oil.
- Doughrings is an alternative term for ring doughnuts. Square
are also a tradition.
- Doughnuts similar to the Berliner are also prepared in the Northern Balkans, particularly in Croatia (, ,
or ) and Serbia's Vojvodina province. They are called , a name derived from the Austrian Krapfen.
(pronounced Shishky), .
("Sourmilk doughnuts"). Another variation is the , dough deep fried in oil, served with mince, syrup, honey or jam.
- Many bakeries in South Korea offer doughnuts either filled with or made entirely from the Korean traditional rice dessert Tteok. These come in a variety of colors, though they are normally in green, pink, or white. They are often filled with a sweet red bean paste or sesame seeds.
- , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , .
- Munk (doughnut), , flottyrring.
- , (lit. "sweet sweet ring").
- Similar to North American doughnuts, but traditionally topped with granulated sugar rather than powdered sugar or glaze. In some parts of Scotland, ring doughnuts are referred to as Doughrings, with the doughnut moniker being reserved exclusively for the nut-shaped variety. Glazed, twisted rope-shaped doughnuts are known as "Yum-yums". It is also possible to buy
in certain regions of Scotland. In some parts of Northern Ireland, ring doughnuts are referred to as "gravy rings" due to their being cooked in oil, itself colloquially known as "gravy". Jam doughnuts are round in shape, coated in granulated sugar and have a filling of strawberry or raspberry jam.
(sweet filling or garlic flavored)
- In the US, doughnuts exist in cake, raised and piped varieties and in many different shapes, including
(twisted piped bars), Vanities, ,
(irregularly shaped "dropped" doughnuts),
(bars with or without filling), , , , , , , ,
(although many varieties are fruit-filled cake rather than doughnut), , , , ,
(cowboy slang for ring doughnuts),
(a significant contingent in the 'doughnut shape debate' because this variety is (uniquely?) a 'triangular toroid').
have been known to lay claim to the invention of the doughnut with , though many varieties of Johnnycake are neither sweet nor doughnut-shaped. Bar-shaped doughnuts are known as "bars" or , particularly
icing that sometimes incorporate
. The Persian is also considered a donut. It is a bread-like cinnamon roll that has traditionally been baked, but is also French fried. Bennett's Bakery reportedly invented Persians in the 1930s in Thunder Bay. But they are not considered a donut there. In America, many variations are fried, however, and have been called the Persian donut.
This article's Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article's
of the subject. Please
into the article as a whole, or rewrite the material. (May 2014)
Doughnut-related items excluded from the above list on the grounds of controversy:
+: doughnut-like feature(s)
–: potentially excluding feature(s)
+: made from ring of dough
–: not sweet, 'single source': Donut Delirium.
+: cream-filled hollow ball of sweet pastry
–: not usually fried, special thin non-doughnut-like (Choux) pastry, seen as being in a category of its own (similar issues apply to the )
+: deep-fried ball of dough
–: coconut-containing kaya-dough would not necessarily be universally accepted as being 'dough'
+: deep-fried sweet snack
–: unusual shape and absence of dough or other pastry. See also other "deep fried branded snacks", of which this may be the most notorious, like deep fried , , . Considering any of these to be included in the doughnut variety category might be controversial, although they certainly fit within the
() - , also called :
+: made from dough
–: savoury not sweet (made from
- Local doughnuts are called '', which are filled with minced meat (beef or chicken) and deep fried. Another variety is the 'mitha' or 'sweet' samosa, which is filled with 'Halwa' (Flour based sweet meat) and deep fried. Local variations on the classic American doughnuts were made available in the early 90s, especially with arrival of Dunkin Doughnuts, but have not over taken the traditional varieties.
+: made from dough made of rice flour, fried and coated in sauce
–: made into small balls and skewered in sticks
-: type of dango that was developed by Japanese residents of the country
+: made from dough, deep-fried
–: fried until brown, thus resulting in a more brittle, cracker- most varieties are savoury not sweet
(Chru?ciki):
+: made from dough, deep-fried, served sweet (with powdered sugar)
–: not doughnut shaped—flat rectangles that have been slightly twisted.
+: sweet fried dough
–: served as a 'combination item' composed of a split-open tubular 'éclair' of fried dough 'dressed' with ice cream, cream also the dough/pastry is claimed to be ' style', which does not put it in the same category as doughnuts
+: made from fried sweet dough
–: not shaped like a ball or ring
+: shaped like a donut, made from sweet dough
–: not an actual donut, is mostly a croissant in disguise
+: made from ring of dough
–: doughnuts are fried, while bagels are first dipped in boiling water and then baked (and are never fried); most bagel varieties (which are akin to baked buns) are savoury not sweet
Bain, J. (2002, September 18). Fresh air, fresh food. Toronto Star (Ontario Edition), p. C01.
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