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第二讲_正说反译_反说正译法
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3秒自动关闭窗口英语反译:我刚才没有注意到那个标志牌_百度知道
英语反译:我刚才没有注意到那个标志牌
我有更好的答案
按默认排序
I didn't notice that road sign.（我刚才没有注意到那个路标。）
I didn't Pay attention to thethe sign just
其他类似问题
等待您来回答
下载知道APP
随时随地咨询
出门在外也不愁Hate you I Mean it以上翻译汉语是什么意思？谢谢！_百度知道
Hate you I Mean it以上翻译汉语是什么意思？谢谢！
提问者采纳
恨你。学习是一件愉快的事，多谢！ (*^__^*) 请及时采纳。我是说真的
其他类似问题
其他2条回答
。意思是“憎恨你我意味着它”。这句子好奇怪
1、我讨厌（狠）你，我是指真的。2、我讨厌（恨）你，我就是这个意思！ps：楼上的那个翻译也很不错！
等待您来回答
下载知道APP
随时随地咨询
出门在外也不愁在正说反译，反说正译
1、& 正说反译：
Miss the bus
没有赶上车
Live up to the expectations of my
不辜负父母的期望
Be absent from the meeting
没有出席会议
A final decision
不可更改的决定
Frost-free refrigerator
Mortally ill
The window refuses to open
窗户打不开
Children were excluded from getting in
the building
儿童不许进入这个房间
The explanation is pretty thin
这个解释站不住脚
I have fallen behind with my
correspondence
我有一些信件还没有回复
Fully clothes, he fell across his bunk
and was instantly sleep
衣服也不脱，他往床上横着一倒，不一会儿就睡着了
Don’t lose time in posting this
不要忘了寄这封信
No deposit will be refunded unless
ticket produced
凭票退押金
原文：她忍住了没有笑出声。
译文：She refrained from laughing.
原文：花园根本无人整理。
译文：The garden was in a state of total
原文：我不能忍受你的脾气。
译文：Your temper is more than I can
原文：他宁死不屈。
译文：He would die before yielding.
原文：生活远非净是乐事。
译文：Life is far from being a bed of
原文：风景美得无以言表。
译文：The scenery is too beautiful for
That’s a thing that might happen to
这种事谁也免不了。
Opportunity knocks but once.
机会只来一次。
2.反说正译
Such flights couldn’t long escape
这样的飞行迟早要被发现的。
一.反说正译:
我们将正译法的使用大致分为三类.
(一)祈使句中的否定说法有时正译,因为说话人想表达的常常是一个正面的意义.
No smoking!
No deposit will be refunded unless
ticket produced.
凭票退还押金.
Don't lose time in posting this
赶快把这封信寄出去.
(二)双重否定正译.
We must never stop taking an optimistic
view of life.
我们对生活要永远抱乐观态度.
The significance of these incidents
wasn't lost on us.
这件事引起了我们的重视.
Such mistakes couldn't long escape
这类错误迟早会被发觉的.
Elliott was too clever not see that
many of the persons who accepted his invitation did so only
to get a free meal and that of these some were stupid and some
worthless.
艾略特是一个聪明人.他定能看得出许多接受他邀请的人只是为了来吃一顿不花钱的饭.他知道这些人有的愚不可及,有的则微不足道.
(三)有些否定表达在译成汉语时,为了符合目的语的语言习惯,则需使用正译法.
The examination left no doubt that the
patient died of cancer.
检验结果清楚地表明病人死于癌症.
Even so, I still insist that for the
individual himself nothing is more important than this
personal, interior sense of right and wrong.
即便如此,我仍坚持认为,对个人而言,最重要的莫过于这种根植于个人心灵深处的是非感,以及坚决按这种是非感行事的决心.
Hitler's undisguised effort to
persecute the Jews met with world-wide condemnation.
希特勒对犹太人的露骨迫害行为受到全世界的谴责.
Mr. Rumsfeld said the Soviet Union was
unprecedentedly engaged in a missle-building program.
拉姆斯菲尔德说,苏联正以空前的规模推行制造导弹的计划.
二.正说反译:
(一)英语中很多词本身就含有否定意义,beyond, absent,
stop, bad, avoid, exclude, except, doubt, resistant, refuse, few,
little, 这类词在翻译中要译出它的含有的否定意义.
The window refuses to open.
窗户打不开.
Children were excluded from getting in
the building.
孩子不许进入这幢楼房.
Such a chance denied me.
我没有得到这个机会.
The explanation is pretty thin.
这个解释站不住脚.
I have fallen behind with my
correspondence.
我有一些信件没有及时答复.
Fully clothed, he fell across his bunk
and was instantly sleep.
他衣服也不脱往床铺上横着一躺,很快就睡着了.
He was 75, but he carried his years
他75岁了,可是并不显老.
(二)有些正反译法可以增强修辞效果,但使用的时候需要非常慎重.
Sir William and Lady Lucas are
determined to go, merely on that account, for in general you know
they visit no new comers.
卢卡斯爵士夫妇打定主意要去,还不就是为了这个缘故,因为你知道,他们通常是不去拜访新搬来的邻居的.
在翻译下列句子时请使用正反译法(注意斜体部分).
The world today is far from
Africa is not kicking out Western
imperialism in order to invite other new masters.
Mr. White has refrained from making any
official comment on the coup in that country.
Don't make your conclusion before the
end of the year.
The train coming from Moscow will
arrive in no time.
Her husband hates to see her stony
Do you know why she is always trying to
Law is no respecter of persons.
His arrival three days in advance is
beyond our expectation.
The idea that he should become an
assistant to his boss has never deserted him.
三,汉译英正说反译法
汉语中有些词语是肯定(正说)的,但译成英语却是否定(反说)的.例如:
欧妮铺上一块洁净的白桌布,又去取来些葡萄.
Eugenie unfolded a clean white table
cloth and went to fetch some grapes.
在希腊人的生活中,奴隶制是得到默许的.
Slavery was implicit in Greek
life.(形容词)
她非常勉强地来了.
She came very unwillingly.(副词)
这家机构因公正在国际上享有声誉.
The agency enjoys an international
reputation for impartiality.(名词)
她光着脚走进了房间.
She came into the room with no shoes
on.(介词短语)
尼克松是个彻底的现实主义者.
Nixon was nothing if not a
realist.(短语)
四,汉译英反说正译法
汉语中有些词语是否定(反说)的.但译成英语却是肯定(正说)的.例如:
风景之美,非任何言语所能形容.
The beauty of the scenery passes all
power of description.(动词)
星期四对我来说不方便,我们星期二碰头好吗
Thursday is rather awkward for me.Could
we meet on Tuesday (形容词)
他们的会面即使说不上轻松愉快,也是亲切的.
Their meeting is cordial,if hardly
relaxed.(副词)
他刚一走开,她就把汤姆穿着去当海盗的那件破得不成样子的上衣取出来.
The moment he was gone,she ran to a
closet and got out the ruin of a jacket which Tom had gone pirating
他提前三天到达是我们没有想到的.
His arrival three days in advance is
beyond our expectation.(短语)
毋庸置疑,中国的航空航天工业在过去的四十年中已取得了辉煌的成就.
It is beyond doubt that China has made
brilliant achievements in aviation and space industry in the last
forty years.(从句)
五,关于正反,反正表达法的两点说明
在运用正反,反正表达法进行英汉,汉英翻译否定词或含有否定意义的词语时,在翻译的过程中有的保持了原来的词性和句法作用,有些则词性和句法作用都发生了变化.(请观察比较以上例子)
有时,英语中的正说译成汉语中的正说或反说均无不可.例如:
The government had something of a
政府也不是完全没有理由的.(政府也有一定的理由.)
五、句子的正译与反译
　　英汉两种语言习惯不同，有时英语里正说的句子，译成汉语时不得不处理成反说，反之亦然。所谓正译，是指把句子按照与原语相同的语序或表达方式译入目的语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与原语相反的语序或表达方式译入目的语。正译和反译都是一种翻译方法，其目的是为了解决翻译过程中所遇到的表达方面的困难，使译文更通顺达意。
　　实际上英汉两种语言均可以从正面或反面来表达同一概念。如：
　　在美国，人人都能买到枪。
　　正译：In the United States, everyone can
buy a gun.
　　反译： In the United States, guns are
available to everyone.
　　你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。
　　正译：You can obtain this information on
the Internet.
　　反译：This information is
accessible/available on the Internet.
　　他突然想到了一个新主意。
　　正译： Suddenly he had a new idea.
　　He suddenly thought out a new
　　反译： A new idea suddenly occurred
to/struck him.
　　他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。
　　正译： He still could not understand
　　反译： Still he failed to understand
　　无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。
　　正译： She can hardly be rated as a
bright student.
　　反译： She is anything but a bright
　　Please withhold the document for the
time being.
　　正译： 请暂时扣下这份文件。
　　反译： 请暂时不要发这份文件。
　　正说反译或反说正译的相互转换，其目的主要有三个： 1. 明确语义。 2.
加强修辞。 3. 符合目的语习惯。例如：
　　 一、正说反译
　　Please tender exact fare.
自备零钞、不找零钱。（明确）
　　That's a thing that might happen to
　　这种事谁也难免。（加强修辞）
　　He's still in bed. 他还没起床。（
符合汉语习惯）
　　But we must bear in mind that the
great proportion of books, plays and films which come before the
censor are very far from being "works of art".
　　可是我们要牢记送到审读员面前的大量书刊、戏剧和电影远非“杰作”。
　　To criticize it (intelligence test)
for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer
for not measuring wind velocity.
　　批评智力测验不反映上述情况，犹如批评温度计不能测出风速一样。（such
failure是正面表达，但从上下文看，是指 "An intelligence test does not measure
character, social adjustments ...", 故译为“不反映上述情况”。）
　　He was absent from his own country
last year.
　　他去年不在自己的国家里。（原文正说，译文反说。）
　　We may safely say so.
　　我们这样说万无一失。
　　Both sides thought that the peace
proposal was one they could accept with dignity.
　　双方认为，那和平建议是一个他们可以接受而不失体面的建议。
　　The decision has to come.
　　决定还没做出。
　　If it worked once, it can work
　　一次得手，再次不愁。
　　这小孩现在完全能自己走了。
　　The child can walk without any help
now. （汉语原文正说，英文译文反说。）
　　法律面前，人人平等。
　　Law is no respecter of persons .
　　我和老王说句话，马上就回来。
　　Just to have a word with Old Wang. I
won't be long .
　　在不少情况下，有的介词短语如不从反面着笔，译文就不通，这时必须反译。像
beyond, past ， against 等表示超过某限度的能力或反对 .... 时，其短语有时用反译法。如：
　　It is past repair．这东西无法修补了。
　　There are some arguments against the
possibility of life on this planet ．
　　有人不同意这行星上可能有生物的说法。
　　Radio telescopes have been able to
probe space beyond the range of ordinary optical telescopes ．
　　射电望远镜已能探测普通光学望远镜达不到的宇宙空间。
　　off, from 等表示地点，距离时，有时用反译法。如：
　　The boat sank off the coast.
　　这只船在离海岸不远处沉没了。
　　but， except，
besides等表示除去、除外时，也用反译法：
　　Copper is the best conductor but
　　铜是仅次于银的最优导体。
　　The molecular formula, C6H14, does
not show anything except the total number of carbon and hydrogen
　　分子式C6H14只用来表示碳原子和氢原子的总数。
　　from，in等介词短语作补足语时，有时用反译法。如：
　　An iron case will keep the Earth's
magnetic field away from the compass ．
　　铁箱能使地球磁场影响不了指南针。
　　The signal was shown about the
machine being order.
　　信号表明机器没有毛病。
　　请注意所谓英语正面表达是指在原文中没有用no、not或带否定意义前缀的词，如： dishonest, impossible,
indirect 。
　　英语中有些词或短语常常正说反译，如： miss the bus(
没有赶上公共汽车 ) ， live up to the Party's expectations( 不辜负党的期望 ) ， be
absent from the meeting( 没有出席会议 ) ， a final decision( 不可改变的决定 ) ，
(be) at a loss ( 不知所措 ) 等。
　　英语中有时原词所表达的并不是其字面意义，而是其字面意义的反义，或者说是对其字面意义的否定。例如： gas mask( 防毒面具 )
， riot police( 防暴警察 ) ， crisis law( 反危机法案 ) 。
　　有些句子则需通过上下文，根据逻辑推理，仔细推敲关键词的实际含义，再采取适当的反译法进行翻译。例如：
　　In fact, the willingness to
experiment is one of the most striking features of China
today, and it seems to be rooted in confidence rather than
　　实际上，这种敢于试验的愿望是当今中国最显著的特点之一。它源于信心，而非出于担忧。
　　（此句中security其实指的是insecurity。作者是说中国对未来充满信心而大胆进行改革实验，并不是因为国内混乱和不稳定才被迫改革。）
　　总之，所谓正说反译的目的就是使译文和原文所表达的真正含义相一致。
　　二、反说正译
　　I won't keep you waiting long.
我一会儿就回来。（明确语义）
　　Isn't it funny! 真逗！（加强修辞）
　　“You will try to tide me over, won't
you?” “Won't I!”
　　“你会帮我渡过难关的，是吗？” “当然！” （符合汉语习惯）
　　反说正译是重要的翻译方法之一。常见的反义正译的例子还有：
　　In the long run, there is no doubt
that everybody would be much better off if smoking were banned
altogether, but people are not ready for such drastic
　　从长远的观点来看，十分清楚，如果完全禁止吸烟，那么每个人的境况将得到很大改善。但对于采取这种极端措施，人们尚无准备。
　　The method of scientific
investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary
mode of working of the human mind.
　　科学研究的方法只是人类思维活动的必要表达方式。
　　It is no less than blackmail to ask
such a high price.
　　开这么高的价， 简直是 敲竹杠。
　　I am not so sick but I can come to
sit for the exam.
　　我尽管有病，但是还能来参加考试。（或：我还没有病到不能来参加考试。）
　　The beaten enemy had no other choice
than to surrender.
　　被击败的敌人只得投降。
　　You cannot attach too much
importance to the matter.
　　你应该非常重视这件事情。
　　He is no less clever than his
　　他和他兄弟一样聪明。
　　The man over there is none other than
our principal.
　　站在那儿的人正是我们的校长。
　　No spitting !
　　严禁吐痰！（英文反说，汉语正说。）
　　The train coming from Moscow will
arrive in no time.
　　从莫斯科来的火车很快就到。
　　Don't lose time in posting this
　　赶快把这封信寄出去。
　　Such flights couldn't long escape
　　这类飞行迟早会被人发觉的。
　　请勿大声喧哗。
　　Keep quiet. （汉语原文反说，英语译文正说。）
　　他提前三天到达是我们没有想到的。
　　His arrival three days in advance is
beyond our expectation .
　　油漆未干。
　　Wet paint.
　　在收据未签字以前不得付款。
　　Before the receipt has been signed,
the money must not be paid.
　　如果没有她的帮助，我早就失败了。
　　But for her help, I should have
　　他开车时心不在焉，几乎闯祸。
　　His absence of mind during the
driving nearly caused an accident.
　　他显然有不同的想法。
　　He evidently thinks otherwise.
　　我要铅笔，不要钢笔 。
　　I want a pencil instead of a pen.
　　他太自私了，几乎没人喜欢他。
　　Hardly anybody likes him, because he
is too selfish.
　　他决不会说这样的话。
　　He was the last man to say such
　　非洲人民不怕压、不上当。
　　The African people refuse to be
intimidated and taken in.
　　如果不计摩擦，输出将和输入相等。
　　Friction neglected , the output will
be equal to the input.
以上网友发言只代表其个人观点，不代表新浪网的观点或立场。}