体味英语阅读理解(2)
题目：体味英语阅读理解
&&&&&&&三、练习阅读技巧 &&&&&&&&阅读没有一个固定的模式，而是依据不同的情况灵活变化的，一个高明的读者能根据不同的阅读目的调整自己的阅读技巧和速度。一成不变的阅读方法只会在很多时候浪费过多的时间，而且会由于没有重点而记不住真正重要的信息，久而久之学生也会失去阅读的信心和兴趣，导致恶性循环。因此，老师有必要教给学生不同的阅读方法和技巧，并引导学生灵活应用。比如在做题时可以先浏览一下后面的题目,以便看文章的时候可以有的放矢，必要时做些记号。& &&&&&&&&阅读方法常提到的有预读、略读、浏览、依上下文猜测、推测等等。教师不仅要教学生怎样依据不同的阅读目的或阅读任务选择不同的策略，而且要使学生自如地进行策略的切换和综合运用。 &&&&&&&&老师可以鼓励学生之间的相互合作、相互讨论、相互竞争等，同时，老师也有必要引导学生进行自我评价、自我调节。比如，告诉学生遇到生词或难句时不要慌张，保持冷静，并采取恰当的猜测技巧解决困难；也可以引导学生设定恰当的学习目标，记录自己的学习成绩，适时地鼓励自己等等。 &&&&&&&&四、将背景知识和常识融合到阅读教学中去 &&&&&&&&了解英语国家的常识有利于我们做阅读理解。如果我们对所读文章的背景知识有所了解，读起文章来既省时又省力。因此，在平时学习过程中，就要积累各方面的背景知识，尤其是对教材中所涉及的背景知识应牢固掌握，例如，主要作家的主要作品，普通科普常识，英语国家的风土人情、节假日、风俗习惯等。此外，还需大量阅读，扩大视野。 &&&&&&&&背景知识在阅读中的作用是至关重要的，它可以由老师来介绍，也可以通过阅读材料本身给出。背景知识是一个复杂的概念，包含专业知识、社会文化知识等。因此，在教学中除了要介绍相关专业、文化知识以外，社会背景也不能忽视，因为阅读中造成误解的往往就是生活方式和思维方式的差异。总而言之，开展学习者阅读培训对于培养学习兴趣、提高阅读效率有着积极的意义。在这方面，老师的职责不仅仅是提供知识，而且是提供可供学生自己从本文中提取意义的策略和方法，即所谓的“授之以鱼，不如授之以渔”。只有通过培养学生养成良好的阅读习惯，使学生自如地运用各种策略，阅读效率才能得到真正提高。&
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英语阅读理解:基础篇2
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Passage two (Vicious and Dangerous Sports Should be Banned by Law)When you think of the tremendous technological progress we have made, it&s amazing how little we have developed in other respects. We may speak contemptuously of the poor old Romans because they relished the orgies of slaughter that went on in their arenas. We may despise them because they mistook these goings on for entertainment. We may forgive them condescendingly because they lived 2000 years ago and obviously knew no better. But are our feelings of superiority really justified? Are we any less blood-thirsty? Why do boxing matches, for instance, attract such universal interest? Don&t the spectators who attend them hope they will see some violence? Human beings remains as bloodthirsty as ever they were. The only difference between ourselves and the Romans is that while they were honest enough to admit that they enjoyed watching hungey lions tearing people apart and eating them alive, we find all sorts of sophisticated arguments to defend sports which should have
sports which are quite as barbarous as, say, public hangings or bearbaiting.It really is incredible that in this day and age we should still allow hunting or bull-fighting, that we should be prepared to sit back and watch two men batter each other to pulp in a boxing ring, that we should be relatively unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames. Let us not deceive ourselves. Any talk of &the sporting spirit& is sheer hypocrisy. People take part in violent sports because of the high rewards they bring. Spectators are willing to pay vast sums of money to see violence. A world heavyweight championship match, for instance, is front page news. Millions of people are disappointed if a big fight is over in two rounds instead of fifteen. They feel disappointment because they have been deprived of the exquisite pleasure of witnessing prolonged torture and violence.Why should we ban violent sports if people enjoy them so much? You may well ask. The answer is simple: they are uncivilized. For centuries man has been trying to improve himself spiritually and emotionally & admittedly with little success. But at least we no longer tolerate the sight madmen cooped up in cages, or public floggings of any of the countless other barbaric practices which were common in the past. Prisons are no longer the grim forbidding places they used to be. Social welfare systems are in operation in many parts of the world. Big efforts are being made to distribute wealth fairly. These changes have come about not because human beings have suddenly and unaccountably improved, but because positive steps were taken to change the law. The law is the biggest instrument of social change that we have and it may exert great civilizing influence. If we banned dangerous and violent sports, we would be moving one step further to improving mankind. We would recognize that violence is degrading and unworthy of human beings.&1.&&&&&& It can be inferred from the passage that the author&s opinion of nowadays& human beings is A.& not very high.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.& high.C.& contemptuous.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.& critical.2.&&&&&& The main idea of this passage is A. vicious and dangerous sports should be banned by law.B.& people are willing to pay vast sums money to see violence.C.& to compare two different attitudes towards dangerous sports.D.& people are bloodthirsty in sports.3.&&&&&& That the author mentions the old Romans isA.& To compare the old Romans with today&s people.B.& to give an example.C.& to show human beings in the past know nothing better.D.& to indicate human beings are used to bloodthirsty.4.&&&&&& How many dangerous sports does the author mention in this passage?A.& Three.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& B.& Five.C.& Six.&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& D.& Seven.5.&&&&&& The purpose of the author in writing this passage isA.& that, by banning the violent sports, we human beings can improve our selves.B.& that, by banning the dangerous sports, we can improve the law.C.& that we must take positive steps to improve social welfare system.D.& to show law is the main instrument of social change.&Vocabulary&1.&&&&&&& relish&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 从&&获得乐处，享受2.&&&&&&& orgy&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 狂欢，放纵3.&&&&&&& arena&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 竞技场，活动或斗争的场所4.&&&&&&& blood-thirsty&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 残忍的，嗜血的5.&&&&&&& bear-baiting&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 逗熊游戏6.&&&&&&& bull-fight&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 斗牛7.&&&&&&& batter&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 猛击，连续地猛打/捶，乱打8.&&&&&&& pulp&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 成纸浆，成软块9.&&&&&&& burst into flames&&&&&&&&&& 突然燃烧起来/着火10.&&& grim&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 令人窒息的，简陋的11.&&& coop up&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& 把&&关起来难句译注1.&&&&&& bear-baiting& 逗熊游戏。这是一种十六、十七世纪流行于英国的游戏DD驱狗去咬绑着的熊，很残忍，后被禁止。2.&&&&&& &two men batter each other to pulp in the boxing ring.&【结构简析】batter one to pulp = beat one to a pulp 狠揍某人，打瘫某人&【参考译文】两个人在拳击场内彼此狠揍，知道一个人被打倒在地，爬不起来。3.&&&&&& &unmoved by the sight of one or a number of racing cars crashing and bursting into flames.&【参考译文】眼见一辆或多辆赛车相互撞击，突然烧起来而无动于衷。4.&&&&&& A world heavy weight championship match is front page news.&【参考译文】世界重量级冠军赛总是头版头条新闻。写作方法与文章大意& 作者采取先对比、后分析的写作手法。先是今人和古罗马人对暴虐体育上对此两者都欣赏。后者坦率成人&欣赏暴力体育&，前者施以各种接口、实际都是嗜血成性者。第二段进一步剖析今人欣赏暴虐体育的种种实例，最后指出改善&暴虐&的根本嗜为改善法律采取积极的步骤，法律才能施以巨大的文明影响，否则人类很难改变。答案详解1.&&&&&&&&&& A.& 不太高。文章一开始就点出科技巨大进步，而其他方面进展很少。人们以轻蔑的口气谈及可怜的古罗马人，因为他们欣赏竞技场上的屠杀。我们轻视他们，因为他们把这些屠杀视为娱乐。我们可以降阶/屈尊地谅解他们，因为他们生活在2000年前，显然，对好的东西不知道。在这里作者反问，我们的优越感是否正确呢？我们的嗜血性是不是少一些？为什么拳击比赛吸引那么许多人？在场的观赏者（观众）是不是也希望看到一些暴力呢？结论是：人类和过去一样残忍。唯一的不同点在于古罗马人很诚实，他们承认他们欣赏观看饥饿的狮子把人撕碎，活生生吃掉，而我们会找出各种精辟的理由来保卫早该制止的运动。第二段举出具体例子，如斗牛、拳击中把人打瘫在地、车赛中，车子碰撞起火，人们就坐在那里观看欣赏，参赛者是为了高报酬，观众付出大笔钱财是为了看到暴力。作者指出任何体育精神的说法纯粹是虚伪。如果一场打比赛（世界重量级冠军赛），两轮而不是十五轮就告结束，成千上百万人们会感到失望DD这些都证明人的卑下，不文明。这两段似乎也证明作者的观点应该是C项DD蔑视的。但在第三段谈及，好几个世纪以来，人们一直试图在精神上和情感上改善自己，又得承认不怎么成功。可至少我们不再容忍疯人禁锢于笼中，当众鞭挞，以及其他许多过去普遍存在的野蛮行径。监狱也不再是过去那种令人窒息的禁锢之地，社会福利制度在全世界许多地方推行。在财富公平分配上也作了很大的努力。这些变化的出现不是因为人突然改善，而是在改变法律上采取了 积极的步骤。如果我们禁止危险的暴力体育项目，那么我们在改善人类方面又前进了一步。我们会认识暴力是人类的堕落和卑下（人类不应有的）。从这段来看，作者对人类还抱有希望，不是很蔑视。所以选A项。&2.&&&&&&&&&& A.&& 法律应禁止堕落而又危险的体育项目。见第一题注释。作者从古罗马人欣赏残忍的体育项目说起，点出现代人也是嗜血成性，喜欢暴力体育项目。这是不文明，是堕落。必须制止，而法律是我们社会改革最强大的工具，它可应用，发挥强大的文明影响（第三段倒数第三句）B. 人们愿意支付巨大款项来观看暴力。这是作者说明&嗜血成性&的具体内容之一。C. 对比对危险体育项目不同的态度。这里没有对比。D.人类嗜血成性。这是作者认为人们为什么欣赏危险残忍体育项目的根源。3.&&&&&&&&&& D.& 人们在体育上习惯于&嗜血成性&，过去是，现在仍然是，不同点只是前者坦直承认，后者婉转掩饰。见第一题注释。A. 把古罗马人和现代人对比。这项没有说明对比什么。B. 给出一个例子。太抽象。C. 说明过去人类不太知道更美好的东西，这两项都没有到位。4.&&&&&&&&&& B.& 5个。作者提到⑴逗熊游戏；⑵斗牛；⑶车赛；⑷拳击；⑸人狮斗。至于当众鞭挞和绞刑不能称作体育活动。5.&&&&&&&&&& A.& 通过制止野蛮体育项目，我们能改善人类自身。这在第三段讲的最透彻，见第一题和第二题注释。B. 通过制止野蛮体育活动，我们能改善法律，不完全对。作者明确指出要用法律来禁止野蛮体育项目。C. 我们必须采取积极步骤来改善社会福利体制。D. 去表明法律是社会变革的主要工具。
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考试吧推荐：英语阅读理解及答案《二》
来源：　 17:11:35　【】　
　　Erik Weihenmayer was born with an eye disorder. As a child his eyesight became worse and then, at the age of 13, he lost his sight completely. However, he did not lose his determination to lead a full and active life.
　　Erik became an adventurer. He took up parachuting, wrestling and scuba diving. He competed in long-distance biking, marathons and skiing. His favorite sport, thought, is mountaineering.
　　As a young man, Erik started to climb mountains. He reached the summit of Mount McKinley in 1995 and then climbed the dangerous 1000-metre rock wall of EI Capitan. Two years later, while climbing
　　Mount Kilimanjaro in Kenya with his girlfriend, they stopped for a time at 13,000 feet above sea level-in order to get married. In 1999, he climbed Aconcagua, the tallest mountain in South America. And then , on May 25, 2001, at the age of 33, Erik successfully completed the greatest mountaineering challenge of all. He climbed
　　Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world.
　　Erik invented his own method for climbing mountains. He carries two long poles: one to lean on and the other to test the way ahead of him. The climber in front of him wears a bell to guide him. Erik is a good team member. He does his share of the job, such as setting up tents and building snow walls.
　　Although he could not enjoy the view, Erik felt the excitement of being on the summit of Everest. He hopes that his success will change how people think about the blind. “When people think about a blind person or blindness, now they will think about a person standing on top of the world.”　(280)
　　1. When was Erik born?
　　A. In 1968. B. In 1995. C. In 1967. D. In 1969.
　　2. What was unusual about his wedding?
　　A. He got married on the summit of Mount McKinley.
　　B. He got married when climbing Mount Everest.
　　C. .His wedding was held after he prepared a lot.
　　D. His wedding was held at 13,000 feet above sea level.
　　3. What is Erik’s special method for climbing a mountain?
　　A. He takes his girlfriend with him.
　　B. He does his share of the jobs.
　　C. He uses two long poles to help himself.
　　D. He keeps a good team around him.
　　4. Which of the following shows the right order of what happened?
　　a. He topped Mount McKinley.
　　b. He became blind.
　　c. He challenged Mount Everest.
　　d. He reached the peak of Kilimanjaro.
　　e. He climbed the rock wall of EI Capitan.
　　A. b, e, d, c, a 　 　B. b, a, e, d, c
　　C. a, b, e, d, c 　　 　D. b a, c, d，e
　　答案是：1.A 2.D 3.C 4.B1&&　　相关推荐：　　　　　　　
文章责编：陈阳&　看了本文的网友还看了
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