（扇贝双语阅读，由扇贝网网友共同翻译。扇贝网是中国最大的智能英语教学平台。）
问：如何在短时间内提高英语口语？
1) I am not good at speaking English. I tend to stammer when I do not have the exact answer framed in mind.
我英语口语不是很好。如果我没有想好具体要怎么回答，就很容易结结巴巴的。
2) I live in an isolated area. So, I do not have friends to interact with so that I could practice speaking English.
我住的地方很偏僻，所以没有朋友可以一起练口语。
3) I need a quick remedy of sorts because I have got a job interview in the next 20 days or even less. What is the maximum that I can do about it?
最多还有20天的时间，我就要去参加工作面试了，所以需要迅速补救一下。有什么我可以尽最大努力去做的吗？
Answered by Kaicheng Liang
Kaicheng Liang的回复：
This is a technique known as ‘shadowing’ that I learnt in Japanese class, which I find tremendously helpful for short-term oral fluency improvement.
我在上日语课的时候学过一种叫“影子跟读”的方法，感觉对短时间内提高口语流利程度非常有帮助。
Watch your favorite English language TV show or movie, and as the characters speak, repeat loudly the exact words they are saying the moment you hear them. In other words, ‘shadow’ their dialog in real-time. Don’t worry about getting every word or sound right - focus on listening carefully, moving along quickly and keeping pace. After the movie ends, repeat the exact same movie and do it again. And again.
看你最喜欢的英语电视节目或电影，在听到里面人物说话的同时，大声重复他们所说的每一个单词。换句话说，就是要实时“追踪”他们的对话。不要担心能不能听懂或读对每个单词——集中注意力认真听，快速跟读并保持节奏。电影结束以后，再一遍一遍重播跟读。
By forcing yourself to speak at native speed, your brain becomes hyper-receptive to what you are hearing, and you will find yourself not only picking up the words quicker and quicker, but also unconsciously mimicking the inflections and vocal nuances that are usually difficult to learn for a non-native. It will also fix the stammer that comes with uncertainty or lack of confidence. In this way, the actors in the movie become your speaking partners.
通过强迫自己跟上母语者的语速，你的大脑会变得更容易接收你所听到的内容，而且你会发现自己不仅识别单词越来越快，还无意中模仿了语音和语调，而这些通常是非母语者很难学会的。这也有助于纠正你因为不确定或缺乏自信而导致的口吃。通过这种方法，影片中的演员也可以成为你的口语搭档。
This will be perfect practice just before your interview. Look for some interview practice videos on YouTube, then shadow the entire conversation. Practice the same dialogs again and again. You will be amazed how that will improve not only your speaking, but also your ability to actively listen and react. Best of luck.
这个方法最适合在你面试前进行练习。在YouTube上搜一些面试练习的视频，影子跟读整个对话。反复练习同一个对话。你会惊讶地发现，这样做不仅会提高你的口语，还会提高你主动倾听和反应的能力。祝好运。
以上翻译主要来自，翻译及讨论请查看。
专区中的译文正在不断更新，翻译很考验英语功底，但不尝试就永远找不到进步的空间，欢迎大家大胆尝试、虚心求教，我们会和大家一路同行！
欢迎关注扇贝网微信：shanbay17
扇贝网新浪微博：
（扇贝双语阅读，由扇贝网网友共同翻译。扇贝网是中国最大的智能英语教学平台。）
问：为什么在中国，很多餐厅都会让你点完菜后立刻买单？他们是怕顾客吃霸王餐吗？
This is done even at some places frequented by many Western guests. Most of my friends find it very annoying and silly, like we are not trusted to pay our tab.
甚至一些西方顾客经常光顾的餐厅也这样。我的朋友大都觉得这种做法让人很恼火，而且很蠢，搞得好像我们会赖帐似的。
Answered by Ryan Chew
Ryan Chew的回复：
Shall I let you in on a secret?
我该告诉你一个秘密吗？
The restaurants are afraid of you, but not for the obvious reasons.
那些餐厅确实怕你，但不是因为表面上的这些原因。
I used to own a restaurant, and there’s a term we use in the industry.
我曾经开过一家餐馆，在我们这行有个术语。
Table Turnover
Simply put, the more times a restaurant can serve a particular table, clean it, seat a new customer, serve the new customer, rinse and repeat, the more money the restaurant makes.
简单地说，餐馆把一张桌子打扫干净，招待顾客落座，就餐吃饭，收拾桌子，再迎来新顾客，如此重复的次数越多，餐厅挣的钱也就越多。
Think about it.
仔细想一想。
When you’re having a sit-down meal, you’re not just paying for the food, you’re renting a small piece of real estate. To maximise yield, it is in the restaurant’s interests to serve you and kick you out the door as soon as you’re done. But of course, restaurants can’t do that. So instead, they make you pay upfront.
你在店里吃饭时，付的不仅仅是饭钱，还租用了一小块地方。为了让收益最大化，伺候你吃好喝好后马上赶你出门更符合餐厅的利益。但是很显然，餐厅不能驱赶顾客，所以他们让顾客提前买单。
The Psychology
心理学原理
We’ve actually experimented with prepaid vs postpaid meals in our restaurant. The verdict? Upfront payment increased table turnover by over 80%.
实际上，我们餐馆曾经试验过餐前买单和餐后买单两种付账方式。结果如何？餐前买单让翻台率提高了80%以上。
The difference is that customers who haven’t paid can justify their occupation of a table. They surf facebook. They chat away for hours on end. They get comfy. It matters not whether they intend to order more stuff, the mere possibility of them ordering more gives them the moral upper hand.
二者的不同之处在于，就餐前未买单的顾客会理直气壮地占着他们的桌子。他们刷脸书（Facebook），聊上好几个小时，感到很舒适。他们是否打算多点一些东西并不重要，仅仅是这一点可能性就能让他们在道义上占着优势。
Customers who have paid up on the other hand, do not have moral justification. They could order more food, but diminishing marginal utility and inertia discourages that act. They get edgy. They feel guilty. They leave.
而另一方面，已经付过钱的顾客就没有这种道义上的优势了。他们可以再点些吃的，但边际效用递减率（注1）和惰性会让他们打消这个念头。他们变得紧张不安，感到内疚，然后就离开了。
It all depends on the restaurant’s business model. If it’s a low-end restaurant, this tactic will serve it well. If it’s a high end restaurant, paying $150 for that bottle of wine buys you a little more time.
是否让顾客提前付账完全取决于餐馆的经营模式。如果这是一家低档餐厅，这么做就很好。如果是高档餐厅，那么再点一瓶150美金（合约917元）的酒可以让你多坐一会。
Additional notes:
One recurring debate in the comments section below is why restaurants with upfront payment and free WiFi have seemingly low table turnover. Allow me to explain:
在下方的评论区中有一个反复争论的问题，为什么那些要求提前买单但提供免费WiFi的餐厅看上去翻台率很低？让我来解释一下：
To forestall future lawsuits let’s invent a purely hypothetical and entirely fictional coffeehouse called Steerbuggs. Any resemblance to actual businesses is coincidental.
为了避免将来吃官司，让我们虚构一家完全不存在的咖啡厅，叫新巴克。如与任何实际商家有所雷同，纯属巧合。
Steerbuggs makes its money from takeaway. That’s why their drinks come packaged ready to go. You pay upfront, and if you can’t find a table you can just as easily take your drink elsewhere. As soon as the barista hands you your drink, as far as Steerbuggs is concerned, you’ve already been “turned over”; their goal of making a profit is done.
新巴克靠外卖赚钱。这就是为什么他们的饮品都是打包好的，随时可以带走。你付好了钱，就算找不到位子座，也可以很轻松地把饮料带到别的地方去。对新巴克而言，一旦咖啡师把饮料递给你，你就已经被“翻台”了；他们盈利的目的已经达到了。
Think about it.
仔细想一想。
If you left then and there, Steerbuggs will be none the poorer. So why would Steerbuggs pay more rent for a bigger space when a much smaller one would do, and why would they encourage customers to linger with comfy sofas, free WiFi, and conveniently placed power outlets?
如果你立刻离开，新巴克也一点损失都没有。既然一小块店面就够用了，那新巴克为什么还要花更多的钱去租一间大得多的店铺，鼓励顾客在舒适的沙发上逗留，享受免费的WiFi和方便的电源插座呢？
The psychology
心理学原理
I call it the honeypot trap. The more activity you perceive a restaurant to have, the better you assume the product to be, regardless of its actual quality. So while the crowd of people you see at Steerbuggs may not have bought anything for the past couple of hours, their purpose is to draw even more people in just by virtue of being there.
我把这个叫做蜜罐陷阱。一家餐厅越热闹，你就会觉得他家的东西越好，不管实际质量是否如此。所以，尽管你看到一群人在新巴克里逗留几个小时，可能什么都没买，但他们的作用就是坐在店里，以此吸引更多的人入店消费。
In other words, when you partake in Steerbugg’s free WiFi, you’re volunteering to act as bait.
换句话说，当你在Steerbugg享受免费WiFi时，你就主动扮演了“托”的角色。
Knowing this, on our restaurant’s opening day, we hired a platoon of students to stand in line and fill up the seats. As the real customers queued up, we rotated our actors towards the back of the line.
知道了这一点，在我们餐馆开张那天，我们雇了一批学生来排队和占座。当真正的顾客来排队之后，我们再让这些演员轮流到队尾排队。
We were full from the very first day.
我们餐馆从开业起就客满了。
You might not know it, but every time you dine out you’re engaged in psychological warfare.
你可能不知道这些，但是你每次出去吃饭都会陷入心理战。
边际效用递减法则的原理：
在一定时间内，其他条件不变下，当开始增加消费量时，边际效用会增加，即总效用增加幅度大，但累积到相当消费量后，随消费量增加而边际效用会逐渐减少；若边际效用仍为正，表示总效用持续增加，但增加幅度逐渐平缓；消费量累积到饱和，边际效用递减至0时，表示总效用不会再累积增加，此时总效用达到最大；若边际效用减为负，表示总效用亦会逐渐减少。
一般而言，消费者偏好某物而未能获得，或拥有数量不够大时，增加消费量则其满足感大增（边际效用增加）；但拥有數量足够时，再增加消费量则其满足感增加幅度逐渐平缓（边际效用递减）；拥有数量太多时，再增加消费量则反而感觉厌恶（边际效用减为负且继续递减，累积之总效用因此，亦减少）。在正常状况下，消费者拥有足够數量而边际效用递减后，会将有限资源配置转移以满足其他欲望，不至于消费同一商品过量到感觉厌恶。
以上翻译主要来自和，翻译及讨论请查看。
专区中的译文正在不断更新，翻译很考验英语功底，但不尝试就永远找不到进步的空间，欢迎大家大胆尝试、虚心求教，我们会和大家一路同行！
欢迎关注扇贝网微信：shanbay17
扇贝网新浪微博：
Don’t mix up comets and asteroids.
不要把彗星和小行星搞混了。
mix up表示“混淆，弄混，弄错”，这里可以是弄混两个人，也可以是弄混两样东西。mix up还可表示“弄乱，胡乱堆放”，比如把衣服混搭在一起，mix up clothes，这里就是把很多不同的东西混在一起了。在中文翻译上，这两个意思都可以表述为“弄混”，但实际上使用的语境不同，释义也有很大区别，这也就是为什么我们推荐大家在有一定基础之后，要用英文学英文了。
If you mix up two things or people, you confuse them, so that you think that one of them is the other one.
If you mix up a number of things, you put things of different kinds together or place things so that they are not in order.
mix up表示弄混，be mixed up却不是过去式。如果你被mixed up了，表示你感到头脑混乱，迷惑不解，通常是出于情感原因，或是社会问题导致的。比如我们常说的没有方向感，就可以说，“I get mixed up about places.”。如果你被mixed up in something/with someone，则表示“卷入……的，牵连进……的，与……厮混在一起的”，比如被卷入一起谋杀案，be mixed up in a murder。
If you are mixed up, you are confused, often because of emotional or social problems.
To be mixed up in something bad, or with someone you disapprove of, means to be involved in it or with them.
I never thought it would wind up like this.
我从来没有想到会这样收场。
wind up的释义比较多，在本句中表示“最终落得，以……告终”。与此类似的有end up，表示“结果，到头来”。这两个短语都可以表示结果并非人所愿，但end up后面不可以接形容词。所以我们可以说wind up unhappy，但不可以说end up unhappy。
If you wind up in a particular place, situation, or state, you are in it at the end of a series of actions, events, or experiences, even though you did not originally intend to be.
大家应该见过需要上发条的八音盒或者钟表，这里的“上发条”就是wind up，也可以直接用wind。以前出租车的车窗都是手摇式的，wind up也可指摇上车窗，wind the window up。相对的，转动手柄摇下、降低，或者用吊车绞下，拧松发条等，则可用wind down。如果某人被拧紧了，someone is wound up，则表示这个人很焦躁不安，很紧张或恼怒。如果机械装置是wind-up的，则指该装置装有发条，或需要用手柄操作。比如老式的手摇唱机，an old-fashioned wind-up gramophone。
It is up to you whether we can succeed or not.
我们成功还是失败取决于你。
up to表示“取决于，由……决定的，由……负责”。
说到“取决于”，我们还常用到depend on，hinge on，rest on/with等等。其中，up to强调一种责任；depend on强调某物受其他因素的影响，或者取决于某物；hinge on强调完全取决于某物，一般情况下可以和depend on互换，但依赖程度更深。
If you say that it is up to someone to do something, you mean that it is their responsibility to do it.
I specialize in global sourcing.
我专长于全球采购。
specialize in指“专门从事，专门经营，专攻”，表示你很了解某事，在上面花费了非常多的时间和精力，尤其是指工作或者专业。类似的有major in，翻译时仍可翻为“专攻”，但特指美国大学学生专攻、主修某一专业。specialize还可以用来表示餐厅主打什么风味的菜肴，比如主要做海产，specialize in seafood。
If you specialize in a thing, you know a lot about it and concentrate a great deal of your time and energy on it, especially in your work or when you are studying or training. You also use specializeto talk about a restaurant which concentrates on a particular type of food.
If a student at a university or college in the United States majors in a particular subject, that subject is the main one they study.
I went to the supermarket along with David.
我和大卫一起去的超市。
along with表示“和……一起”，我们也会用go along with someone表示和某人一起去。用作短语动词时，go along with表示“服从，遵守”，比如规则、决定或政策，或表示“赞同，支持”，后接人或某种想法。
除了along with，我们还可以用together with，两者用法相同。
You use along with to mention someone or something else that is also involved in an action or situation.
以上讲解由扇贝网编写，短语和句子均来自以及，还没用过的贝友，可以哦～
This job calls for someone with more than five years’ experience.
这个工作要求有5年以上的经验。
call for在此表示“需要，要求”，此外也可指“要求，呼吁”，比如要求某人辞职，call for someone’s resignation。
我们一般说去接某人的时候，都会讲pick someone up，其实我们也可以用call for，这两个短语的区别在于，call for是你去别人那儿接人，好一起去另外一个地方，pick up通常指开车接人或取东西，比如去机场接人，或者去洗衣店取衣服，有等待被接的意思。
If something calls for a particular action or quality, it needs it or makes it necessary.
He became rich at the cost of his health.
他以健康为代价，变得富有。
cost除了可以表示“费用，花费”，还可表示“代价，损失”，at the cost of也就是“以……为代价”，我们也可以说at the expense of。
将cost用作动词，可以表示“使损失，使丧失”；无论如何、不惜任何代价都要做到某事，需要用be done at any cost，而不惜任何代价都要避免某事，则需要用be avoided at all costs；如果一件事让你付出了代价，吃了苦头，则可以说to your cost；事前或事后计算某事的代价，则需要用count the cost of。
The cost of something is the loss, damage, or injury that is involved in trying to achieve it.
He is in the habit of eating five meals a day.
在吃方面，他有一日5餐的习惯。
habit表示习惯，习性，in the habit of即指“有……的习惯，习惯于”，我们也可以说have the/make a habit of doing something。如果只是刚开始养成某种习惯，则可以说get into the habit of doing something，以上用法中of为介词，后接动词时需用-ing形式。
表示“习惯于”时，我们还可以说out of habit，from force of habit，表示出于习惯而做某事；如果你想戒除某种习惯，则可以用kick/break the habit。
If you are in the habit of doing something, you do it regularly or often. If you get into the habit of doing something, you begin to do it regularly or often.
We met each other by accident.
我们偶然碰到彼此。
each other表示“彼此，互相”，类似的还有one another。这两个词组在词义和用法上极为接近，通常可以互换，但one another侧重两人以上，而each other侧重与两人之间。
You use each other when you are saying that each member of a group does something to the others or has a particular connection with the others.
by accident表示某事纯属巧合，“偶然，意外”，我们也可以用by chance，后者表示非人为，强调的意味没有前者重。
大家应该看过这种新闻，某个不在地震带上的区域发生了地震，后查明可能和建水库有关，想表示某些事看似偶然，但实际上事出有因，我们就可以说it’s no accident (that)。
If something happens by accident, it happens completely by chance.
Something that happens by chance was not planned by anyone.
We often compare Japan with China.
我们经常拿中国和日本比较。
compare with表示“相比”，我们也可以用compare to，都是在同类事物中比好坏、高低。其中，compare with通常与否定词连用，比如，“The flowers here do not compare with those at home.”，这儿的花比不上家乡的花。
类似的用法我们以前也讲过很多，比如在的讲解中，我们讲到了形成对比，in contrast with，表示在两种事物或一事物的两个方面相对比较。
往期的中，我们还讲到了in comparison to，表示“与……相比，与……比较而言”，也可以说in/by comparison with。讲过了“相比”，那么想表示比得上、比不上，我们可以怎么说呢？
If you say that something does not compare with something else, you mean that it is much worse.
以上短语和句子均来自以及，还没用过的贝友，可以哦～
In contrast to many rumours, I don’t know everything.
和许多传言相反，我并不是什么都知道。
in contrast to在此表示“相比之下，与……相反”，我们也可以用by contrast或in contrast，强调与前文所述的情况截然不同。
contrast一词本身就有“差异，悬殊”的意思，如果你想表示两件事截然不同，形成了鲜明对比，可以说A is in contrast to B，而表示截然不同的那个事物，则可将contrast用作名词，A is a contrast to B。contrast A with B是将两事物进行“对比，对照”，而如果A contrasts with B，则是说两者“截然不同，对比明显”。contrast的用法较多也很类似，大家可别记混啦。
You say by contrast or in contrast, or in contrast to something, to show that you are mentioning a very different situation from the one you have just mentioned.
She blushed in his presence.
她在他面前脸红了。
脸红的原因有很多种，可能是因为害羞、尴尬，也可能是因为发烧、生气。本句中用到的blush，就是特指因羞愧或难为情而脸红。和blush类似的还有flush，表示因燥热、生病而脸红，或者出于某种强烈的感情而脸发红，比如生气、尴尬等。
When you blush, your face becomes redder than usual because you are ashamed or embarrassed.
If you flush, your face goes red because you are hot or ill, or because you are feeling a strong emotion such as embarrassment or anger.
in someone’s presence表示“当着……的面，在……面前”，我们也可以说in the presence of someone。如果只是someone’s presence，则表示某人出席，到场。
presence还可用于表示一个人镇定自若。在遇到紧急情况时，我们可能会很慌张，这个时候就需要冷静下来动脑想解决办法，have the presence of mind to do something，也就是说一个人做事很沉着冷静了。
If you are in someone’s presence, you are in the same place as that person, and are close enough to them to be seen or heard.
Some of the patients left off treatment.
一些病人终止了治疗。
leave off在本句中表示“停止，中断”做某事，后接名词或动词ing形式。如果中断的事情又重新开始了，则可说某事continues from where it left off。除了“中断”，leave off还可表示从名单中剔除、被排除在外，也可用被动语态，someone/something is left off a list。
表示“中止，停止”时，我们比较常用stop，指迅速或突然中止某行为、活动或状态，break与stop类似，一般用于表示工作或活动期间的短暂休息，而pause表示“暂停”，含有再进行下去的意味。cease是正式用词，暗指永远结束。
If someone leaves off doing something, they stop doing it.
How did Diana respond to the criticisms?
戴安娜对这些批评有什么反应？
respond to后接需求、挑战或危机，表示“应对，作出回应，作出反应”，而如果某人或某种疾病is responding to treatment，则指治疗有积极效果，反应良好。
respond也可表示对事情或言论的回应，比如，用炮火予以反击，respond with gunfire；积极回应，respond positively to something。
When you respond to a need, crisis, or challenge, you take the necessary or appropriate action.
We shook off our fears.
我们摆脱了恐惧。
shake off在此表示“治愈，摆脱”，比如疾病、坏习惯等等。不知道大家有没有听过泰勒·斯威夫特最近推出的一首歌，叫做《Shake It Off》，在这首歌里，她大方地自黑自己的曲风和感情史，表示要一直前进下去，将负能量都甩开，用的也就是shake off啦。
shake off还可指“甩开，甩掉”，比如甩掉跟随你的人，shake off someone who is following you，或者争吵时甩开对方的手，就可以说shake off someone’s hand。
If you shake off something that you do not want such as an illness or a bad habit, you manage to recover from it or get rid of it.
shake off还可指抖落、摇出，但这里的off是跟在动词shake后的介词，不是动词短语，比如女生把头发披散在肩头，就是shake someone’s hair off her shoulders，这里的披散会伴随一个摇头的动作。男生呢，小时候可能会在树上捉点小昆虫，装在瓶子里，这里就可以说shake the small insects into a jar。
To shake something into a certain place or state means to bring it into that place or state by moving it quickly up and down or from side to side.
以上讲解由扇贝网编写，短语和句子均来自以及，还没用过的贝友，可以哦～
（扇贝双语阅读，由扇贝网网友共同翻译。扇贝网是中国最大的智能英语教学平台。）
问：有什么是我10分钟就能学会，并且受益终身的？
Any trait, or small trick, or life-hack, anything, other than some trivia or fact. Something one can learn in 10 minutes or so (and perhaps with a bit of practice every day, can excel at it), but it must be useful for the person for the remainder of his or her life.
除了一些冷知识或众所周知的，任何好习惯，小把戏或生活小窍门都可以。那种花十分钟左右就能学会的技能（或许每天花点时间练习就能运用自如），但必须是对人有用且能受益终身的。
Answered by Cyndi Perlman Fink
Cyndi Perlman Fink的回复：
How to buy strawberries …
如何选购草莓。
Smell them. If they smell like strawberries buy them, they will taste divine. If they look gorgeous but have no smell, they will have no taste.
闻一闻。如果闻起来有草莓味，那就买吧，一定会好吃到爆。如果仅仅看起来很诱人但却没有草莓味，那么这样的草莓一定会食之无味。
Simple and foolproof. If people give you a strange look because you’re smelling the strawberries, let them not smell and buy the tasteless ones.
操作简单可靠。如果在你闻草莓时，旁人很奇怪的看着你，那么就随他们去闻都不闻就买那些没味道的草莓吧！
Answered by Karen Opas
Karen Opas的回复：
How to tell if you are about to buy a juicy orange or grapefruit, no matter what the skin looks like:
怎么判断你要买的橙子或西柚是否美味多汁，不管外皮看上去怎样。
Pick up the orange or grapefruit. If it feels light, it’s not juicy and will taste rather woody.
Go through the bin picking the ones that feel heaviest compared to oranges or grapefruits of a similar size. They’ll be the tastiest ones.
拿起选中的橙子或西柚。如果感觉很轻，那么果汁就不多，吃起来口感会很柴。
翻一下箱子里的其他橙子或西柚，选大小相似但重一些的，这样的才最好吃。
I was shown this trick by a very ancient and rather irritable gentleman when I was in my early 20′s. He literally slapped the orange I was about to bag out of my hand and explained his system. Thanks to him, I’ve enjoyed decades of juicy oranges and grapefruits.
这是在我20岁刚出头时，一位脾气相当急躁的老先生教给我的。他居然真的拍掉了我正要放进袋子里的橙子，然后向我传授他的挑选方法。多亏了他，这几十年我才能一直吃到美味多汁的橙子和西柚。
Answered by Julie Hume
Julie Hume的回复：
When your dog won’t come back to you on a walk, don’t chase after her yelling. She’ll think that is the best game in the world and … good luck catching her.
在你遛狗时，如果你的狗乱跑不肯回来，不要边追边唤它。它会把这当成世界上最好玩的游戏，然后……祝你好运能追上它。
Instead, shout happily, “Yeah, Bella, you can’t catch me!” and run like hell in the other direction laughing like a crazy person. Your dog will think you are having a great time and gallop after you to join in.
相反，你应当高兴地对它喊，“耶！Bella，你抓不到我！”，接着边狂笑边向反方向狂奔而去。你的狗狗会觉得你玩的很嗨，然后狂奔过来加入你的“游戏”。
And once you have her back again, don’t scold her for running away. If you do she’ll equate the telling off to her return, not to her bolt for freedom and she will be that much less likely to come to you on recall the next time. Always make coming to you the best thing ever.
一旦它回到你身边，不要责备它乱跑。如果你这么做了，它会以为你责备的是它跑回来，而不是四处乱跑。那么下一次你再唤它回来，就没有那么容易了。要永远让它觉得回到你身边是最棒的事情。
Answered by Philip Liou
Philip Liou的回复：
If you ever feel there’s something in your eye, like dust, just do this:
任何时候，如果你觉得眼睛里进了什么东西，比如灰尘，那么就这样做：
Look down, open your eyes wide, and keep blinking.
低头，睁大眼睛，然后不停地眨眼。
Additionally, if the particle is in the extremities, move your eyeball in the opposite direction of where you feel the pain. So if you feel pain at the top, do the above steps but roll your eyeball to the bottom and keep blinking.
另外，如果灰尘在你的眼睛边缘，就向疼痛部位的反方向转动眼球。因此如果是眼睛上部感到疼痛，按照以上步骤来做，即向下转动眼球，然后不停地眨眼。
Learned it from my teacher in first grade and works every time. Even when I’m wearing contacts.
这是我上一年级时我的老师教给我的，百试不爽，哪怕我戴着隐形眼镜。
以上翻译主要来自，翻译及讨论请查看。
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My boss tends to find fault with everyone and everything.
我老板常常对所有的人和事吹毛求疵。
tend to在本句中表示“往往会，经常就”，强调某事通常如此。
If something tends to happen, it usually happens or it often happens.
我们一般比较熟悉tend to作为“倾向于”的用法，类似的还有tend towards，be inclined to，be apt to等等。其中，tend to do something表示有做某事的趋势，而tend towards的倾向于，强调的是有表现出某种特性的趋势，比如“容易持‘左倾’观点”，tend towards left-wing views。
在翻译上，有时不必将单词完全译出，也能表达应有的意思。比如前面说的容易持有某种观点。大家应该也看过这样的说法：“I tend to think she is right. 我倾向于认为她是对的。”这里的倾向于其实表示的是个人想法上的倾向，我倾向于持有某种观点，也就可以说，“我个人认为/觉得她是对的”。
You can say that you tend to think something when you want to give your opinion, but do not want it to seem too forceful or definite.
find fault with表示“挑剔，找茬儿，指责”，这里fault用作名词。fault用作动词也可表示挑剔，但通常与否定式连用。比如，你不能因为他们缺乏创新就指责他们，“You can’t fault them for lack of invention.”。
有一种说法叫“过犹不及”，就是说事情做过头，就跟做得不够一样，都是不合适的。即使是大方、谦逊这样的好品质，过头了也不对，这个时候我们就可以说to a fault，比如，他大方得过了头，“He is generous to a fault.”。
If you find fault with something or someone, you look for mistakes and complain about them.
If you say that someone has a particular good quality to a fault, you are emphasizing that they have more of this quality than is usual or necessary.
Do you want to get ahead in life?
你想在生活中取得成功吗？
ahead指“在……前面”，ahead of即可表示“领先于”。比如在比赛中领先于某人，或者学业上比某人出色，都可以说ahead of someone。get ahead引申一下也就是“获得成功”，这里的成功更多的是强调事业上的成功。
表示“成功”时，我们还常用到succeed，prosper，thrive和flourish等。其中，succeed强调达到预期，和fail相对应；prosper指持续不断地成功，也可指越来越成功；thrive表示一种欣欣向荣、茁壮成长的状态，不仅仅成功，势头也很强；flourish指处于成功、繁荣、进步的鼎盛阶段，仍在迅速发展壮大。
If you want to get ahead, you want to be successful in your career.
The police began to go into the murder case.
警察开始着手调查这起凶案。
begin to do something表示“开始、着手做某事”，如果你想说“从……开始/着手”，则可用begin with/by doing something。
与begin类似的还有start和commence，其后均可接-ing形式或名词，但只有begin和start可以接带to的动词不定式。另外，commence相对更为正式，通常不用于日常对话中。
To begin to do something means to start doing it.
go into在此表示“调查，研究”，也可指“描述，叙述”，比如警方拒绝透露这起凶案的细节，“The police refused to go into details about the murder case.”。
go into还可表示从事某种职业或工作，或时间、精力钱等被用于某处。比如，这项研究有大量的人力和资金投入，“There is a lot of effort and money going into this research.”。
If you go into something, you describe or examine it fully or in detail.
He has a reputation of never listening to anybody’s advice.
他以不听取他人建议而闻名。
reputation指“名声，声誉”，如果某人声名狼藉，我们可以说他has a bad reputation。要说具体是什么样的名声，则可说have a reputation of，或者someone’s reputation as。
如果一个人名声在外，那么我们即使不认识这个人，也可能会听说一些和他相关的事迹。这时就可以用到by reputation，“听说，耳闻”，比如，听说她的组织能力很强，“She was by reputation a good organiser.”。
To have a reputation for something means to be known or remembered for it.
The idea is not in itself a bad one.
这主意本身并不坏。
in itself表示“实质上，本身，就其本身而言”，类似的还有in nature，in essence。我们也可以就用itself，原句也可表述为：“The idea itself is not bad.”。
itself也可用在抽象名词之后，表示“极度，非常”，比如，他非常有魅力，“He is charm itself.”。
You use itself to emphasize the thing you are referring to.
If you say that someone is, for example, politeness itself or kindness itself, you are emphasizing they are extremely polite or extremely kind.
以上讲解由扇贝网编写，短语和句子均来自以及，还没用过的贝友，可以哦～
Women get married at 25 on average in Asia.
在亚洲，女性平均25岁结婚。
get married表示“结婚”，更正式一些的说法是marry，比如“They married a month after they met.”，他们相识一个月后就结婚了。
小编曾听过一件和marry有关的糗事，有个女生问一个刚认识的牧师朋友，“Would you marry me?”牧师有点惊慌说，我们刚认识，是不是太快了点？然后女生才意识到自己说错话了。这里的歧义在于，marry可以表示娶和嫁，也可以表示牧师或官员为新人主持婚礼，所以“Would you marry me?”这句话，可以理解成“你愿意嫁给我吗/你愿意娶我吗？”也可以理解成，“你愿意来主持我的婚礼吗？”
When two people get married or marry, they legally become husband and wife in a special ceremony. Get married is less formal and more commonly used than marry.
说到结婚，大家可能会吐槽，我连对象都没有，怎么结婚？于是不可避免地就会说到相亲。表示相亲时，我们可以用blind date，指由第三方安排的男女初次约会。还有一种，就是父母选好对象做好安排，marry (someone’s daughter) off/to someone，“把……嫁给，为……娶亲”。
If a parent marries their child to someone, the parent chooses who their child will marry and arranges it.
If you marry someone off, you find a suitable person for them to marry.
on average在本句中表示“平均起来，按平均值”，也可以说on an average。此外，on average也可表示“基本上，大体上”，比如，“On average, vegetarians are slimmer than meat eaters.”，一般来说，素食者比肉食者更苗条些。
You say on average or on an average to indicate that a number is the average of several numbers.
In comparison to her, I am still older.
和她相比，我仍然年长。
in comparison to表示“与……相比，与……比较而言”，我们也可以说，in comparison with，by comparison with等等。
类似的还有compare with，表示“相比”，但通常与否定词连用，如“The flowers here do not compare with those at home.”，这儿的花比不上家乡的花。表示比不上，无法相提并论的时候，我们还可以说there is no comparison between A and B；相对的，表示比得上，可以与之相媲美，则可说stand/bear comparison with，这里可以用于人，也可以用于物。
如果大家看过《卑鄙的我》，应该记得小女儿最后在婚礼上朗诵了一首诗，里面说道，“…and my new mom Lucy is beyond compare.”，这里就出现了“比不上”的另一种用法，beyond compare，表示“无与伦比，无可比拟”。
表示“相比”时，我们还可以用compared with或者compared to，这两个词组也指“相对……而言，对照”。
If you say, for example, that something is large or small in comparison with, in comparison to, or by comparison with something else, you mean that it is larger or smaller than the other thing.
It’s time we took a stand on equal rights for women.
是时候在妇女权利平等上表明我们的立场。
It’s time someone did something表示“（从事特定活动的）合适时候”，我们也可以说，it is time for something/to do something。
类似的表达还有about time和it is high time，均表示“早该……了，是时候……了”。如果你想强调某件事“早该如此”，也可以在你的陈述后加上not before time，如，这种病毒正受到越来越多的关注，其实早该如此。“The virus is getting more and more attention, and not before time.”。
If you say it is time for something, time to do something, or time you did something, you mean that this thing ought to happen or be done now.
stand可以表示“立场，态度”，take/make a stand即指“表明态度、立场”。也可以说，我们表明了对妇女权利平等问题的立场，“We showed where/how we stand on the issue of equal rights for women.”。where/how someone stands on something，也就是对某事“持……态度、立场”。
If you take or make a stand, you do something or say something in order to make it clear what your attitude to a particular thing is.
I will stick to my promise.
我会坚守我的诺言。
stick to的释义比较多，在此指“遵守，坚持”，如诺言、协议、决定或原则。
stick本身有“粘”的意思，所以stick to也可表示“黏附，附着在”，粘在诺言上，也就是遵守诺言，强调自己说到做到。我们也可以说遵循规则，stick to rules，强调按别人要求的做；或者表示“坚持不变”，比如坚持写作，stick to writing；如果你在旅途中stick to something/someone，则指“紧随，呆在……旁边”，比如沿着灯比较亮的路走，“Stick to well-lit roads.”。
If you stick to a promise, agreement, decision, or principle, you do what you said you would do, or do not change your mind.
在往期的中，我们还讲过一个词组，keep someone’s word，表示守信。
keep一次本身就有“信守”的意思，即按照自己说的去做，所以有keep someone’s promise，指“信守诺言”。而word一词，除了指单词，也指话语、诺言，可以在这个词组中替代promise。
You should give up smoking.
你应当戒烟了。
我们通常比较熟悉give up作为“放弃，投降”的用法，在本句中，give up指“放弃，戒除”，强调不再做某事或不再拥有某物，比如“不抱希望”，give up hope，“戒烟”，give up smoking。
give up还可表示“辞职”，give up teaching，辞去了教书的工作。我们常说的“让座”，也可以用give up来表示，比如某人将长椅上的位子让了出来，give up someone’s place on the bench。give oneself up则指“自首，投案”。
需要注意的是，give up on something/someone表示“对……不抱希望，对……绝望”，be given up/over to表示“专门用于”，小心不要弄混了。
If you give up something, you stop doing it or having it.
以上讲解由扇贝网编写，短语和句子均来自以及，还没用过的贝友，可以哦～
作者：Cheka
知乎上有人问“”，正好扇贝一直在高强度的训练英文编辑的写作能力，说一下我们的秘辛：
很简单，每天从《金融时报》或者《经济学人》文章里找一段做中翻英发给我检查，同时对比自己和原文在遣词造句上的区别。譬如这是今天一个编辑发给我的：
纪要也突显了一场辩论，其焦点是美联储在10月以后“相当长时期”维持低利率的承诺。然而，对于12月会议上是否会弃用这种说辞，纪要并未传递出明确信号。
【我写的】
The minutes also underlines a debate focused on Fed’s commitment to maintain a low interest rate in an “relatively long period” after October. However, it does not pass out a clear signal about whether it will abandon this rhetoric in December.
They also highlight a debate about the Fed’s pledge of low rates for a “considerable time” beyond October. However, the minutes send no strong signal about whether the language will be scrapped in December.
突显：underline, highlight
焦点是：focused on, about
承诺：commitment, pledge
相当长时期：relatively long time, considerable time
10月后：after October, beyond October
传递：pass out, send
明确的：clear, strong
弃用：abandon, scrap
说辞：rhetoric, language
这件事已经做了两年，除了家里人生病外，包括节假日都是一天不拉的，有图为证。
不能说现在写的就完美了，但是从早期每篇作业都被骂，到现在挑不出什么大毛病，进步还是相当明显。
将来我还打算训练他们去Quora上真刀真枪的磨笔。
我自己也是这样练出来的，大概十多年前我在南大小百合BBS上组织了一段时间把《新概念英语3》的文章中翻英的活动，请看出土考古遗迹——
现在我的英文写作如何呢？落笔生花字字珠玑当然是不可能，但要实用可以跟苹果审核员斗智斗勇申诉他们的瞎眼决定并屡屡得手，要文艺能在Quora上笔耕不缀谈笑风扔，攒了近万个赞，聚了包括Quora联合创始人在内1300多关注。
我们的态度就是，只有对自己够狠，才能理直气壮去虐用户，给大家看看，没什么是练不出来的。
我们已经在扇贝的论坛上用同样的方式组织的活动，包括中翻英和英翻中，有兴趣可以来参加。
大家觉得不错的话，不妨去知乎上为我的回答 “”点个赞。
（扇贝双语阅读，由扇贝网网友共同翻译。扇贝网是中国最大的智能英语教学平台。）
问：能不能想出一个无敌奇葩、但女生最后还是接受了的求婚方式？
Answered by Ryan Chew
Ryan Chew 回答：
My wife and I were sharing a bowl of noodles,
I looked at her. She looked at me.
I said, “let’s get married.”
She said, “sure, why not?”
We continued eating our bowl of noodles.
当时我正和她同吃一碗面。
我看着她。她看着我。
我说：“我们结婚吧。”
她说：“好哇。”
然后我们就接着吃面条。
Answered by Amit Banerjee
Amit Banerjee 回答：
I had a friend who was quite introvert and played percussion in our band. In one concert, he decided to do something weird. He took one of his cymbals, went straight to the audience and asked a girl—
我有个朋友是我们乐队里的打击乐手，他特别内向，但在一场音乐会上做了件奇怪的事情。他拿了一只钹，径直走到观众跟前，问一个女孩——
“Would you like to play some percussion?”
“你想玩会儿打击乐吗？”
The girl agreed and here we are on stage, some random girl playing percussion along with him as we stand there trying to figure out what’s going on.
女孩答应了，于是事情就成了这副样子：一个被随机选中的女孩上了台，和他一起玩音乐，而我们几个则目目相觑地站在一边，搞不清楚状况。
It has been 10 years that incident happened. The band split in a few months and all the members lost contact.
这事儿发生在十年前，几个月后乐队解散，大家伙儿就此失去联系。
I was chatting with this friend on Facebook and figured out that he married that same girl. They have a daughter now.
机缘巧合，我又在facebook上碰到这个朋友，聊起来才发现他和那个女孩已经结婚了，现在有一个女儿。
When I asked him how did he propose, he said:
我问他是怎么求婚的，他说：
“Well, I did not propose in that way. I just said: ‘You play really well without knowledge.’ To this she said: ‘Why don’t you teach me more?’ To this I had said: ‘Well then, you will have to marry me, that is the fee.’
So she did.”
“呃，我没有正儿八经地求过婚。我只是说：‘你没学过，能玩成这样真的很不错。’ 她回答：‘那你再教我一些呗。’ 我就说：‘那你得嫁给我，算是学费。’
于是她就嫁了。”
Answered by Phillip Remaker
Phillip Remaker 回答：
My friend tells the story about his wife proposing to him.
Future Wife: “How is December 3rd?”
Friend: “For what?”
Future Wife: “For our wedding day.”
Friend: “OK, but I’m going to Honduras on December 4th whether you’re coming or not.”
They had a great honeymoon in Honduras, and have been married for more than 20 years.
我的朋友告诉我他妻子向他求婚的故事。
未来的妻子：“十二月三号怎么样？”
我的朋友：“什么怎么样？”
未来的妻子：“办我们的婚礼啊。”
我的朋友：“没问题，不过，不管你去不去，我一定要在十二月四号去洪都拉斯。”
他们在洪都拉斯享受了美妙的蜜月之旅，至今已经在一起二十多个年头了。
Kimberly Domangue
Kimberly Domangue 回答：
“I want my proposal to be unique!”
“I want my proposal to be a surprise!”
Be careful what you wish for ladies and gentlemen, this could be you:
“我希望我的求婚是独一无二的！”
“我希望我的求婚充满了惊喜！”
亲爱的朋友们，“我希望”的时候可要小心了，不然这事也有可能发生到你身上：
男子装死求婚|
Byokov, from Omsk, Russia, knew he wanted to marry his girlfriend, Irena Kolokov—but he had to be sure that the feeling was (really, really) mutual.
来自俄罗斯鄂木斯克的亚历山大·贝科夫真心想跟女友伊蕾娜·克洛克夫结婚，不过他得先确定彼此是否（真真正正）心意相通。
So he did what anyone who takes “til death do us part” literally would do. He hired a screenwriter, director, movie stuntmen and makeup artists to stage a gruesome car crash, where he instructed Kolokov to meet him.
于是他做了一件事，真正演绎了一番“直到死亡把我们分开”。他雇了编剧、导演、电影特技和化妆师，搭建出惨烈的车祸场景，然后一步步“指引”克洛克夫来见他。
She arrived to her boyfriend not kneeling on bended knee, but rather lying on the ground covered in fake blood.
她终于来了，可眼前的男友不是单膝跪地，而是躺在地上，身上染满了假血。
“When I arrived there were mangled cars everywhere, ambulances, smoke and carnage…a paramedic told me he was dead and I just broke down in tears,” Kolokov told .
克洛克夫告诉Orange新闻的记者，“我赶到的时候，到处是撞得变了形的汽车，救护车也忙碌着，四周烟气弥漫，还有尸体……救护员告诉我他死了，我立刻就崩溃了，眼泪夺眶而出。”
The tears, apparently, were good enough for Byokov, who sprang to his feet and proposed–fake blood, bandages, and all.
显然，这些眼泪对贝科夫来说确实足够了，他顶着一身假血、绷带、还有其它乱七八糟的东西一跃而起，向女友求婚。
Byokov insists the act was designed for Kolokov to realize how empty life would be without him. Does he feel the same about her? Does it matter? She said yes regardless, and the betrothed couple posed for some you-had-to-be-there engagement photos.
贝科夫坚持认为，他这么做是想让女友感受到没有他的生活会是多么的空虚。对此他是否有同感呢？这重要吗？不管怎么样她还是答应了求婚。这对订了婚的情侣还摆拍了“你必须在我身边”系列订婚照。
Yeah… no. Let’s hope this proposal stays one-of-a-kind.
好吧……不，这种求婚来一次就够了吧。
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