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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:04
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　　小升初英语考试中，作文占据了不可忽视的地位。如何写好小升初英语作文？其实写作都是从模仿开始的，而优秀的英语范文是英语写作模仿的优质对象。今天给大家提供一些小升初英语作文范文给大家参考，希望对提高大家的英语作文能力有帮助。
　　这是整理的一些小作文范文，有些虽然比较简单，但是都有它们自身的一些闪光点，有些用到了英语谚语，感觉还是有参考的价值，所以才推荐给大家~
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:04
　　小升初英语作文范文集（一）：How to be a Model Student
　　I want to be a model student. What shall I do?
　　I should be polite. I should study hard. I should capful and helpful. I should walk in the corridors. I should throw rubbish in the bin. I should be quiet in the library. I shouldn't walk and run on the grass. I shouldn't throw rubbish on the floor. I shouldn't run in the corridors. I shouldn't fight. I shouldn't be noisy in the library.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:05
　　小升初英语作文范文集（二）：My teather
　　Our art teather is not too young and not too old .He has black hair two big and black eyes ,a small nose and a big mouth .Look, he is wearing a blue and white jacket ,a blue hat ,brown pants and a pair of old shoes.He is very funny.He is a good art teather .We all like him .
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:05
　　小升初英语作文范文集（三）：My New Teacher
　　My new teacher is science teacher. He's very strong. He has a big mouth, two big ears, two big eyes and a not too big and not too small nose. He often wears a black new shirt and brown pants, with two big shoes.
　　My science teacher is very kind. And he is very smart, isn't he? Today, we have science class. We are very happy. Because he is so funny. Who is he? He's a Mr. Zhou .
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:06
　　小升初英语作文范文集（四）：My holiday
　　My holiday was good. I stayed at home for sometime. I went to Tianyi Square and bought same games. But one day, my monther, my younger brother and I went to Tianyi digital square to buy games. And I bought a new uniform in the evening. I'd like to have a glass of apple juice my monther bought it for me. I says, “ Thanks a lot. ” I bought some shoes. I want a pair of sports shoes. In the shop, the wonderful song added tour pleasure. I see the black shoes. my monther says, “ There are beautiful !”
　　I was happy that day, because I went to Tianyi Square and had a lot of fum.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:06
　　小升初英语作文范文集（五）：我的假期
　　I'm going to the sun on my holiday. I will go there by a spaceship. I will take a big blue spaceship.
　　Then I'll pilot the spaceship to the sun. The sun is very hot. So I put on the super-shirt. In the morning, I will have some sun burger for my breakfast.
　　At eight o'clock, I will play with my friends there. They are super dog and super girl. Super dog is white and black. Super girl is very clever. Super girl and super dog like to play with me. So I play with them for forty minutes. Then I do my homework in my little red room on a small blue table. After my home work, I will have my lunch. I will eat sun salad. I will make some red toy bear to the sun babies. I will have red juice, red fish and red rice. All the things are red. Then I need a lot of water on the sun because the sun is too hot. So I will walk to the spaceship. I'll pilot the spaceship to the earth.
　　This is a good holiday on the sun.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:08
小升初英语作文范文集（六）：My Pet
　　My pet is a toy bear. His name is Small White. He is white. He has blue eyes and blue ears. His hands and feet are blue too. He is naughty. He likes to make fun of me. He likes reading. When I am unhappy, he accompanies me. He is my good friend.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:08
　　小升初英语作文范文集（七）：My Good Friend
　　Zhang Ying is my good friend. She's in Class1, Grade4 of&&Tianjiao Primary School. She's a model student. She's clever and she's helpful, too. She often helps teachers and young students at school. She is good at Chinese, maths, English, arts and crafts, music and so on. She has a lot of hobbies. She likes painting and drawing. And she likes listening to music, having picnics with her parents. Oh yeah, she likes fishing, too. But she doesn't like playing basketball, football, table tennis or volleyball. Zhang Ying is the best friend of mine. I like playing with her. We always work together and help each other.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:09
　　小升初英语作文范文集（八）：自我介绍
　　I am a 10 years old boy. Smart and handsome. I am proud of myself. Because I can get perfect scores in Chinese, math and English. It is not good enough, I am also proud of being an elder brother. That is a Friday evening, my baby brother was crying all the time. My parents were both cooking for dinner. I said to my mum, let me look after this little thing. My mum said, “Are you sure you can?” “ Yes ,believe me I can.” I answered. Then mum went to the kitchen. I went towards my baby brother. “ Oh baby, don't cry. I will sing a song for you…” I carried him and sing songs for him. After a while, he was asleep. I was so tired. My parents were happy and praised me a good boy. This is my first time to look after my baby brother and I feel proud of myself.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:09
　　小升初英语作文范文集（九）：我的小兔子
　　One day, my mother bought two little rabbits for me. I'm very happy.
　　From that on, the two little rabbits became my good friends. They have two little ears, red eyes, with white and fat boby. They're marvellous.
　　Everyday, they play with each other happily. One day, I couldn't find them. I asked my mother: “Where are they? ” My mother told me that She didn't know. At last, I found them in the grass. They were very dirty. I was angry, but when I looked at their lovely faces, I was happy again.
　　I love my little rabbits, and they love me. They are my good friends forever.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:10
　　小升初英语作文范文集（十）：Happy day
　　Today I'm very happy,after I have breakfast,I go to park.
　　It's a sunny day ,the bird is singing,I'm singing too.When I get to park,I see some girls are playing games ,so I join them.We play very happy.Then I have lunch with my friends.We both have a good time.what a happy day!
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:12
　　英语作文范文集（十一）：My Doll
　　Today is Sunday. I took out the nice doll again. Two years ago, my mother bought her for me on my birthday.
　　It is a girl. I like to call her “Yuan Yuan”, because she has a round face, a round head and round eyes. Her nose and mouth are round too.
　　Yuan Yuan is wearing a red and white dress, a red hat and red shoes. There is a long pigtail behind her head. I can see a smile on her face when I come back home. How lovely she is!
　　Yuan Yuan and I are good friends.She looks like my little sister. I usually play games with her. She often listens to me when I tell her a story. I go to bed with her. I think I can't sleep without her.
　　I like yuanyan very much I think She likes me too!
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:12
　　小升初英语作文范文集（十二）：My parents
　　I have a busy father and a kind mother.
　　My father is a businessman. He is 42 years old. He is short. He likes reading newspapers after meals. He watches TV in the evening. He goes to work by car. He has got a nice black car. He often plays golf with his friends on the weekend. He does not often eat dinner with us.
　　My mother is a housewife. She doesn't work. She stays at home. She is beautiful. She has long hair. She does housework in the morning. She often goes shopping in the afternoon. She is kind, but she is strict to my study. She likes reading. She watches TV at night, too.
　　I love my parents. And they love me too.
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:12
　　小升初英语作文范文集（十三）：My father's Day
　　My father is very busy. Every day he goes to work by subway. He teaches math at school, His math is very good! In the afternoon, he eats lunch at school. After lunch, he reads newspapers. Then he goes home at 5:30. He eats dinner. Then, he takes a bath in the evening. He watches TV at living room. After watching TV, he goes to bed at 10:00.
　　My father works hard. I like my father very much!
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<em id="authorposton14-4-9 14:12
　　小升初英语作文范文集（十四）：My family
　　Hi, everyone! I'm Cendy. I live in Nanhai. I'm 13 years old. I am tall and thin. Now, let me tell you something about my family.
　　There are seven members in my family. They are my grandparents, my parents, my sister, my brother and me. My grandparents like reading newspapers. They are very old. They are always happy. My father is a businessman. He works hard. He's not very tall but fat. He likes sleeping. He's kind. My mother is a housewife. She looks young. She's strict to our study. My sister is a university student. She studies hard. My brother is in Grade Four. He is only 10 years old. He likes playing computer games. He's a naughty boy.
　　I love each person in my family. I love my sweet warm home.
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＞＞＞下列各句都有一处错误，请改正。1. There are some meat on the..
下列各句都有一处错误，请改正。
1. There are some meat on the plate (盘子).2. My brother watch TV only on Sunday evening.3. Mother wants to washes the clothes today. 4. I'm sorry, I can't fly the kite highly. 5. How many is the meat? About five yuan a kilo.
___________________________________
题型：改错题难度：中档来源：同步题
1. are-is&&2. watch-watches&&3. to washes-&to wash&&4. highly-high&&5. many-much
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据魔方格专家权威分析，试题“下列各句都有一处错误，请改正。1. There are some meat on the..”主要考查你对&&主谓一致，形容词，副词，实义动词的单数第三人称形式，不定式&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下：
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因为篇幅有限，只列出部分考点，详细请访问。
主谓一致形容词副词实义动词的单数第三人称形式不定式
英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致，即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。主谓一致原则:1、语法上的一致所谓语法一致原则，即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定：主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或者是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。使用语法一致的情况（1）当主语是and，both…and连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物，则谓语动词用复数。My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。注意：由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each，every，no修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。（2）主语后面接说明主语的修饰语主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如：with，along with，together with，as well as，like，rather than，but，except，besides，including，in addition to，谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系。The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这个姑娘和男孩子一道，也学会了开汽车。A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.一个有5000册书的图书馆作为礼物赠送给了国家。E-mail, as well as telephones, is playing an important part in daily communication.电邮和电话在日常的通信中起着很重要的作用。Nobody but Jane knows the secret.只有简知道这个秘密。All but one were here just now. 刚才除了一个人外都来了。（3）非谓语动词或从句作主语非谓语动词 (动词的-ing形式、不定式)或从句作主语时，谓语一般用单数形式。When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet.什么时候在什么地方建新工厂还没定下来。Checking information is very important. 核实事实是非常重要的。To learn foreign languages is not easy. 学习外语并非易事。When we will hold the meeting is not decided yet. 我们何时开会尚未决定。注意：当what引导主语从句或由 and连接两个动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词的数应根据意义一致的原则来决定。What we need here is money．我们这里需要的是资金。 What we need here are workers．我们这里需要的是工人。 Lying and stealing are immoral．说谎与偷窃是不道德的。（4）each和复合不定代词作主语each和some/any/no//every十body/one/thing构成的复合不定代词：anyone、anybody、anything、everyone、everybody、everything、someone、somebody、something、no one、nobody、nothing、each、the other作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Each is worse than the one before. 一个比一个差。Nobody knows the answer. 没有一个人知道这答案。Someone wants to see you. 有人想见你。Is there anything in the box?箱子里有什么东西吗?There is a lot of milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有很多奶。（5）“many a +单数名词”作主语“many a、(很多)/more than one(不只一个)+单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Many a student has been to Beijing. 很多学生去过北京。There is more than one answer to your question. 你的问题不只有一个答案。（6）“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the等限定词和修饰语“one of+复数名词十定语从句”之前有the only，the very，the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。Tom is the only one of those boys who is willing to help the old man. 汤姆是唯一的一个愿意帮助那个老人的男孩。He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years．他是这三年来唯一的一个获得奖学金的学生。注意:如没有这些限定词和修饰语，定语从句的谓语动词采用复数形式。Tom is one of the boys who are always ready to help others. 汤姆是个随时愿意帮助别人的男孩。（7）由两个部分组成的物体名词作主语英语中有些由两个部分组成的物体名称如g1asses(眼镜)，scissors(剪刀)，shorts(短裤)，shoes(鞋子)，trousers(裤子)等作主语，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。His glasses were broken, so he can't see well. 他的眼镜碎了，因而看不清楚。His trousers are made of cotton. 他的裤子是棉布的。注意:若这类名词前带有pair等表示单位的名词时，则以这些名词的单、复数形式决定动词的形式。Two pairs of trousers are missing. 两条裤子不见了。This pair of shoes is not on sale. 这双鞋不出售。2、意义上的一致意义上的一致是指谓语动词与主语的一致取决于主语所表达的意义。若主语形式上为复数，而意义上是单数，动词要用单数；若主语形式上为单数，而意义上为复数，则动词用复数。The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲。The police are looking into the matter. 警察正在调查此事。使意义上的一致的情况（1）由and连接两个并列主语 其后的谓语动词一般用复数形式。但如果两个单数名词指同一个人、同一事物、单一概念时，谓语动词要用单数，有时两个名词共用一个冠词。The worker and writer has written a new novel. 这位工人兼作家写了一部新小说。(两个名词共用一个冠词)There is a journalist and writer living in America whose name is Alex Haley. 在美国有一个名叫亚利克斯?哈利的记者兼作家。Truth and honesty is always the best policy. 真诚总是上策。注意：用and连接起来的两个单数主语，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以是复数。Three and five makes /make eight.三加五等于八。Time and tide wait/waits for no man .岁月不等人。（2）形复意单的名词作主语①复数形式的专有名词（表示国家、城市、机构、组织以及书籍、报纸、杂志等）做主语，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数。The United States is in North America.美国在北美洲。The Arabian Nights is read all over the world.《天方夜谭》是流传世界各地的名著。The New York Times has a wide circulation.《纽约时报》销路很广。注意：表示山脉、群岛、瀑布等的专有名词和以复数形式出现的表示同姓的一家人或同名、同姓的若干人，谓语也用复数。The Alps rise over 4 countries.阿尔卑斯山脉跨越了四国。Niagara Falls are not as high as Victoria Falls.尼亚加拉瀑布没有维多利亚瀑布高。The Smiths were also invited.史密斯一家人也受到了邀请。There are 3 Marys and 2 Roberts in my class.我班有三个叫玛丽、两个叫罗伯特的学生。②以-ics结尾表示学科的名词做主语，通常表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。这类名词有：physics, politics, mathematics, economics, athletics, electronics等。Politics is now taught in all schools.现在各学校都开设政治课。Economics is a science of the way in which industry and trade produce and use wealth.经济学是研究工业、贸易生财和用财之道。注意：当这些动词表示有关方面的活动、情况、见解、原理等意思时，谓语动词需用复数形式。What are his politics?他的政见如何？The economics of national growth are of the greatest importance to all modern governments.国家发展经济的原理对现代各国政府都重要。③news，maths，plastics，physics，works，means(方法)，the United States等虽然以-s结尾，但意义上作为单数看待。“News of victories keeps pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. 集团军司令说：”随着我们军队的推进胜利的消息接踵而至。”Mathematics/Physics is a required subject for us.数学/物理是我们必修的科目。Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not clear. 所有可能的直至污染的方法都用了，但天空还是不晴朗的。④成对的名词做主语时用单数形式。Bread and butter is a daily food in the West .面包抹黄油是西方人每天的食品。His gratitude and devotion to the Party is endless.他无限感觉，无限忠于党。⑤“one and a half +复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用单数。One and a half pears is left on the table .一只半梨剩在桌子上。One and a half days is all I can spare.一天半是我所能挤出的全部时间。注意：“one or two+复数名词”做主语，谓语动词用复数。One or two days are enough to see the city.参观该市一两天就足够了。There are one or two things I want to talk over with you .我有一两件事想跟你商量。（3）有生命的集体名词作主语有生命的集体名词 (如people，police，cattle，militia)作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。Cattle are also kept. 还养了一些牛。There are many people there. 那里有很多人。The police are looking for the thief. 公安人员在搜寻那个小偷。All the people of the world want peace.全世界人民都渴望和平。注意：family，team，class，government，audience，crew，committee等集体名词，如果作整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果作个别成员看待，谓语动词用复数形式。people作“民族”解时，作单数用。Zhang’s family is rather big, with twelve people in all.张家很大，一共12口人。The family are sitting at the breakfast table. 这家人正坐在早餐桌旁。My family is a large one. 我家是个大家庭。The class are doing experiment in the lab. 全班同学正在实验室里做实验。The class has won the honour. 这个班获得了荣誉。The Chinese people is a great people.中华民族是一个伟大的民族。（4） 名词化的形容词作主语名词化的形容词作主语，按照意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。如果指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式，如果指一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。这类形容词有：old, young, rich, poor, blind, deaf, dead, sick等。The rich are not always happy. 富人也有不开心的时候。The wounded is a policeman. 受伤者是一名警察。The beautiful is not always the same as the good. 漂亮的不一定就等于好。（5） 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、度量、容量、温度等的复数名词做主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Twenty years has passed since we left school. 我们离开学校已经20年了。Ten thousand dollars is a lot of money. 一万美元是一大笔钱。Two months is quite a long time. 两个月时间是很长的。Two hours is enough for us to do this experiment.我们做这个实验两个小时就够了。Thirty kilometres is a good distance.30公里是一个相当远的距离。注意：如果说话人侧重一个个的个体，谓语动词用复数形式。Twenty years have passed since we parted.自从我们分手以后20年己经过去了。（6）“a number of十复数可数名词”与“the number of十复数可数名词”作主语“a number of十复数可数名词”表示 “一些、许多”的意思，谓语动词用复数；“the number of十复数可数名词”表示 “……的数目、数量”，谓语动词用单数。The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons.邀请来的人数是50，但很多人因不同的原因没来。A number of books are missing from the library. 图书馆丢了许多书。The number of workers in this factory is increasing. 这家工厂的工人数目正在增加。（7）none of和neither of后跟复数名词或复数代词作主语none of和neither of后跟复数名词或复数代词时，有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。None of them has arrived yet at the settlement. 他们没有一个到达新住宅区。None of them have arrived yet. 他们都还没到。（8）“分数/百分数+of短语”作主语“分数/百分数+of短语”作主语，这时要以of短语中的名词是否为复数而定。Two fifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass．该地区五分之二的土地为树木和草所覆盖。89% of smokers are male. 89%的吸烟者是男性。In the USA, 75% of the grain is used to feed animals. 在美国，75%的谷物用来喂养动物。Two-thirds of the earth's surface is sea. 地球表面的2/3是海洋。Two-thirds of the people were against the plan. 2/3的人都反对核计划。（9）表示部分概念或不定数量的名词或代词作主语表示部分概念或不定数量的名词或代词作主语，谓语动词用单数还是复数，应根据后接名词的单、复数形式而定。这些名间或代词有all，any，enough，half，more，most，the rest，part，some等。The rest of the buildings are easy to get to. 其余的建筑物并不难上。The rest of his life was happy. 他的晚年生活很幸福。Most of my time was spent in reading. 我大部分时间用来读书。Most of the people are aware of it. 大部分人都知道它。Some of the sugar was spilled on the floor. 一些糖散落在地上。Some of the apples were spilled on the floor. 一些苹果散落在地上。（10）两个主语，一个肯定，一个否定，谓语动词与肯定主语相一致。The parents, and not the son, were missing.失踪者不是儿子，而是他的双亲。3、邻近原则邻近原则是指谓语动词要与它最邻近的名词或代词保持人称与数的一致。Neither he nor I am a student. 他和我都不是学生。There is a pen , two chairs and a desk. 有一支钢笔，两把椅子和一张桌子。这主要有以下几种情况。（1）由or，either…or等连接的并列结构作主语由or、either…or、nor、neither…nor、not only…but also、not…but连接的并列主语，通常按照就近一致原则，谓语动词的单、复数形式依照靠近它的主语而定。Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.要么你要么校长在会议上对这些天才的学生颁奖。Neither he nor I have finished the experiment. 他和我都没有做完试验。Either his friends or his brother is wrong. 不是他的朋友们错了，就是他哥哥错了。Not only I but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.不仅我而且简和玛丽都讨厌一个接一个的考试。Not only the teacher but also his students have studied the question. 不仅老师而且他的学生们都研究了这个问题。（2）在主谓倒装句时在主谓倒装句中，主语并列，谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语相一致。由here或there引导的句子，若有并列主语，谓语也与最靠近的那个主语一致。There is a desk, a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌、一张饭桌和3把椅子。There are three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. 房间里有3把椅子、一张书桌和一台电脑。Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在时妻子和孩子呆在哪儿？"表里不一"现象：主谓一致中的"表里不一"现象和主语必须在人称和数上保持一致，最基本的原则是：单数主语用单数动词，复数主语用复数动词.但在实际使用当中情况比较复杂，现在学生常犯的主谓一致错误归纳整理如下1,"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数.例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一个教师得到了花.2,"many a +名词"作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数.例如：Many a student has been sent to plant trees. 很多学生被派去植树.3,"half of,the rest of,most of,all of及百分数或分数+of 等后接名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定.例如：Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖.4,all指人时，动词用复数；all指物时，动词用单数.例如："All are present and all is going well." 所有人全部到场了，一切进展顺利5,what引导的主语从句，谓语动词可视表语而定：表语是单数名词时，动词用单数，相反，则用复数.例如：What they want to get are a number of good books.他们想得到的是大量的好书.6,and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,no修饰，该名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式.例如：No book and no pen is found in the schoolbag.书包里没有书和钢笔.7,当主语后面有as well as,with,along with,together with,but,like,rather than,except，逗号加and连接几个名字等引导的短语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致.例如：My father as well as his workmates has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京.8,each作主语的同位语时，谓语动词由主语来决定，与each无关.例如：They each have a bike. 他们每人有一辆自行车.9,动词不定式，动词-ing形式短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数.例如：Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚饭后出去散步是一个好习惯.10,the following作主语时，谓语动词的数与后面名词的数保持一致.例如：The following are good examples下面是一些好例子.11,以-ics结尾的学科名词，如politics,physics,mathematics等作主语时，谓语动词用单数.以-s结尾的名词news,works,plastics等同属此类.例如：Politics is now taught in all schools. 现在各学校都开设政治课.当以-ics结尾的学科名词表示"学科"以外的意义时，用作复数，如：mathematics（运算能力）politics(政治观点）economics（经济意义）等12,有些用来表示由两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数（trousers,glasses,shoes.shorts.scissors.scales等）作主语时，前面若有"一条","一副","一把"之类的单位词，动词用单数；若没有单位词或单位词是复数，则谓语动词用复数.例如：The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子都很合适.还有一些以-s结尾的名词通常用复数：arms（武器）.clothes.contents.minites（记录）.remains（遗体）.thanks等13,"one and a half +名词"作主语时，谓语动词要用复数.例如：One and a half apples are left on the table. 桌子上有一个半苹果.14,"One or two more +复数名词"作主语时，谓语动词用复数.例如：One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work. 要派一两个人到那儿去给他们帮忙.15,"one of+复数名词+ 定语从句"结构中，定语从句的谓语动词要用复数；而在"the only one of +复数名词+定语从句"的结构中，"the one of + 复数名词+定语从句"定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如：He is one of the students who get there on time.他是准时到达那里的学生之一.16,表示时间，距离，金钱等的复数名词作主语表达一个整体概念时，谓语动词常用单数，但若强调数量，谓语动词可用复数.例如：One million dollars is a lot of money. 一百万美元是一大笔钱.以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致:英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es，但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词。它们用法多样，造成了实际使用上的困难，以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题。（一）以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题（二）以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题（三）以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题（四）以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题（五）其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题集合名词的主谓一致原则:集合名词作主语时，主谓一致关系是一个较为复杂的问题.对此类问题我们可以从"数"的角度分为四类.1)单数—复数型.凡是有复数词尾变化形式的集合名词都属于此类。如：a class— a family— a government— an army— a people— a group— a crowd— a crew—crews等。这类集合名词强调的是整体性，即当作一个整体或多个整体来看待。属于这类集合名词的单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数；复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用复数。【例如】A big crowd often gathers on the square every morning.每个上午 一大群人经常聚集在广场上The government has decided to pass the bill.政府已决定通过这一法案There are huge crowds in the streets on Sunday.星期天有大群大群的人在街上。There are many English-speaking peoples in the world.在世界上有许多讲英语的人但应注意，这类集合名词的单数形式有时表示复数概念，所以这些集合名词的单数形式也可归为"单复同形型"中.2)单数型.这类集合名词表示的是人或事物的整体，即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内，所以只有单数形式.如作主语，谓语动词常用单数。这类名词常见的有：humanity,mankind,proletariat等.【例如】The proletariat is the greatest class in the history of mankind. In the fields of production and scientific experiment,mankind makes constant progress.3)复数型.这类集合名词在形式和内容上是相互矛盾的，就是说它们只有单数形式，但表达的都是复数概念。它强调的是集体中的个体性.这类名词有：police,cattle,faculty,flock,machinery,vermin,personnel等.它们作主语时，谓语动词要用复数.【例如】The police have caught the murder.Our personnel are very highly trained.The vermin are very dangerous.4)单复同形型.这类集合名词的单数形式既可表示单数也可表示复数.作主语时，用单数动词或复数动词均可，有时意义区别不大.【例如】The school teaching staff are (is) excellent.The public is (are) requested not to litter in the park.The teaching profession claim(s) to be badly paid.这类集合名词常见的有：class,family,team,crew,board,herd,committee,party,jury,enemy,audience等.根据说话人的心理意向若把这个集合名词所代表的人或事物看作一个整体，就认为是单数，用单数动词；若把它所代表的人或事物看作若干个个体的话，就认为其为复数，用复数动词。试比较：The football team is playing well.那个足球队打得非常漂亮.The football team are shavings bath and are then coming back here for tea. 足球队员们正在洗澡，然后来这里吃茶点。The family is a very happy one.那个家庭是一个非常幸福的家庭。That family are very pleased about the news of William's success. 全家人对威廉的成功都感到很高兴。巧记主谓一致原则: 单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单，如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。有些名词谓常复，people,police即这般。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关，many a作主语也如此，谓语动词应用单。or、nor、but also、there be，近主原则挂嘴边。关系代词定主语，谓语根据先行词判。不定式短语、动名词，主语从句谓全单。时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见，rest，means，fol1owing等，意义决定其复、单。none，all，half of等，of之宾语定答案。还有分数、百分数，仍据of之宾定复、单。代词all指人谓复数,all指事情谓用单。量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变。and连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠，no，each，every后单名，两件(种)事(物)系一概念，以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。形容词带the一类人，姓氏复数加定冠，-s结尾的海峡、山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。neither，either，each，用作主语谓全单。形容词：简称adj.或a，形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态，和特征的程度好坏与否，形容词在句中作定语，表语，宾语补足语。她是一个好学生，她学习努力。She is a good student, and she works hard.这辆自行车很贵。This bike is expensive.对不起,我现在很忙。I am sorry, I'm busy now.你为这次会议做好准备了吗? Have you got everything ready for the meeting?形容词的语法功能：一、作定语He is the greatest writer alive.他是依然健在的伟大的作家。Somewone else has done it.别人已经做了这事。二、作补语形容词做主语补足语和宾语补足语时,可以表示其现状、状态，也可以表示某一动作的结果，并常用在表示“认为，看待”的动词如believe，prove，consider等候。例如：The news made her sad.这消息使他感到非常悲伤。Don't marry young.不要早婚。三、作状语形容词或形容词短语可作状语，形容词作状语时，可以看作是“being+形容词”结构的省略，可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、强调或伴随状况等意义。例如：Enthusiastic，they are co-operative.热心的时候他们是很合作的。Rich or poor, young or old, we all have problems.不管是穷人还是富人，不管是年轻人还是老人，我们都有问题。四、做表语The ship was adrift on unknown seas．那艘船在陌生的海域漂流。五、做主语Old and young joined the discussion.Rich or poor meant the same to him.作感叹语Very good!Say it again.Stupid!He must be crasy.形容词的几个特殊用法：most 同形容词连用而不用 the, 表示 " 极,很,非常, 十分"。 It's most dangerous to be here. 在这儿太危险。 I cannot do it, it's most difficult. 我干不了这件事，太难了。 "The+形容词比较级..., the+形容词比较级..." 表示 " 越... 就越..."。 The more you study, the more you know. 你学的越多, 就知道的越多。 The more I have, the more I want. 我越有就越想要有。 The more, the better. 越多越好。 " 形容词比较级 + and + 形容词比较级 ", 表示 " 越来越... "。 It's getting hotter and hotter. 天气越来越热了. It's pity he is getting poorer and poorer. 真可怜他越来越穷了。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 计算机越来越便宜。 The more and more people focus on the meeting next year. 越来越多的人关注明年的会议。 主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。 This box is as big as mine. 这个盒子和我的一样大。 This coat is as cheap as that one. 这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。&I study English as hard as my brother. 我同我兄弟一样学习努力。 the + 形容词 表示某种人。 He always helps the poor. 他经常帮助穷人。 I like to have a talk with the young. 我喜欢同年轻人谈话。 The rich sometimes complain their empty life. 富人有时抱怨他们空虚的生活。 The police led the old man across the street. 警察领老人横过马路。
以-ly结尾的形容词1） 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，brotherly，仍为形容词。改错：(错） She sang lovely.　　&&&&&&&&&& （错） He spoke to me very friendly.　　 （对） Her singing was lovely.　　（对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2）有些以-ly 结尾的词既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，earlyThe Times is a daily paper.The Times is published daily.
too+adj.+to句型&& “太…而不能”& He is too young to go to school.&=He isn’t old enough to go to school.&=He is so young that he can’t go to school.形容词的位置:1.形容词一般放在名词前作定语?&& 单个形容词修饰名词时，一般要放在名词的前面。它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。例如：?&& a red flower一朵红花?an interesting story一个有趣的故事?&& six blind men 六个盲人?my own house我自己的房子?如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，则由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定，越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按音节少的形容词放在前面，音节多的形容词放在后面。&& 2.当形容词所修饰的词是由some,any,every,no等构成的不定代词时，形容词必须置于名词之后。例如：?&& &&& She has something new to tell me.?她有一些新的情况告诉我。?&& &&& I have nothing important to do today.?今天我没有重要的工作要做。?&& &&& Do you know anybody else here??这儿你还有认识的人吗？?&& 3.形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语时，形容词必须置于名词之后。例如：?&& &&& It is a problem difficult to work out.?这是一道难以解决的问题。?&& &&& Edison is a student difficult to teach.?爱迪生是个很难教的学生。?&& &&& This is a kind of flowers easy to grow.?这是一种易栽的花。?&& 4.用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。例如：?&& &&& All people,young or old,should be strict with themselves.?&& &&& 所有的人，无论老少，都应该严格要求自己。?&& &&& We are building a new school, modern and super.?&& &&& 我们正在建一所现代化的高档次的新型学校。?&& &&& All countries, rich and poor, should help one another. 所有的国家，无论穷富都应该互相帮助。?&& 5.有少数形容词，如enough和possible，既可置于所修饰的名词前面也可以置于它所修饰的名词之后。例如：?&&& Do you have enough time(time enough)to prepare?你有足够的时间做准备吗？?&&& Maybe it will be a possible chance(chance possible)for you.或许它将成为一次可能的机遇。6.有些形容词，置于名词之前与之后，含义不尽相同。例如：?&& the writer present 出席的作者?&& the present writer 现在的作者?7.表示长，宽，高，深，及年龄的形容词，应放在相应的名词之后。This river is about 100 metres wide.The building is more than 50 metres tall.&He is less than 40 years old.8. enough修饰名词时，在名词前后都可以。They said that they had enough food.=&They said that they had food enough.&enough 修饰形容词和副词，位于其后。&He is old enough to join the army.&He isn’t old enough to go to school.9.形容词else通常放在疑问代词，疑问副词或不定代词后&what/who/where/when/when else&something/anything/nothing…else&What else did you do?&Do you have anything else to say?10.由两个或两个以上的词组成的形容词词组修饰名词时须放在名词之后。This is the book easy to read.这是一本容易读的书。形容词知识拓展:名词化的形容词：有些形容词可以和定冠词连用，表示一类人或事物，这时，它相当于一个名词，可作主语或宾语；表示一类人时，看作复数，表示一类事物时，通常看作单数。Robin Hooh(罗宾汉) hated the rich and loved the poor.The old are taken good& care of in American.the+形容词，常见的短语有：the old/the young/the sick/the white/the black/the rich/the poor/the dead(死者)形似副词的形容词：以-ly结尾的词通常是副词，但是下列词为形容词。friendly& lonely (孤独的) ；lively (活着的)；lovely(可爱的)复合形容词的类型：(1)名词+过去分词& man-made satellite 人造卫星(2)形容词+现在分词& a good-looking man(3)形容词+名词& second-hand cars(4)数词+名词-ed&& three-legged chairs三条腿的椅子(5)数词+名词& 400- metre race(6)副词+现在分词& hard-working students(7)副词+过去分词& well-known writers(8)形容词+形容词& a dark-red jacket(9)形容词+过去分词& ready-made clothes 成品服装含有形容词的常用句型：(1) It’s+adj. of sb. to do sth.(good/ kind/nice/polite/clever/foolish… )It’s very kind of you to help me.(2) It’s +adj. for sb. to do sth.(difficult/easy/hard/dangerous/usefulinteresting/important…)It’s important for us to learn English well.(3)下列形容词后常跟动词不定式&表示情感或情绪的形容词：glad,pleased,sorry,sad,afraid,thankful…&I'm glad to see you.表示能力，意志或推测的形容词：ready,able,sure,certain…&I’m sorry to hear that.某些现在分词和过去分词可作形容词the moving story 令人感动的故事a moved boy&& 一个被感动的男孩a frightened child 一个被吓到的孩子a frightening film 一个恐怖电影副词：是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词是一种半虚半实的词。副词可分为：地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词和连接副词。副词连用顺序：程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。副词分类:1、时间副词有三类：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词1）表示发生时间的副词：It’s beginning to rain now!& 现在开始下雨了！2）表示频繁程度的副词，也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实之前义动词:She often changes her mind.& 她常改变主意。3）还有一些其他表示时间的副词：&He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。2、地点副词：1）有不少表示地点的副词：She is studying abroad.& 她在国外留学。2）还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形，跟宾语的是介词，否则是副词：①用作介词：Stand up!& 起立！②用作副词：A cat climbed up the tree.& 猫爬上了树。3）以where 构成的副词也是地点副词：&It’s the same everywhere.& 到处都一样。3、方式副词:carefully, properly(适当地), anxiously(焦虑地), suddenly, normally(正常地), fast, well, calmly(冷静地), politely(有礼貌地), proudly(自豪地), softly, warmly ,slowly4、程度副词:much,little, very,rather(相当),so,too,still, quite, perfectly(完美地), enough, extremely(非常), entirely(整个),almost, slightly(细小地), hardly.5、疑问副词:how, when, where, why.6、关系副词:when, where, why.等。7、 连接副词:therefore(因此),moreover(此外),however,otherwise(另外的),then,when ,where,how,why等。
副词的语法作用：副词在句中可作状语,表语,补语，定语。He works hard. （作状语）他工作努力。You speak English very well. （作状语）你英语讲的相当好。Is she in ? （作表语）她在家吗?Let's be out. （作表语）让我们出去吧。Food here is hardly to get. （here作定语，hardly作状语）这儿很难弄到食物。Let him out!（作补语）让他出去！修饰名词的副词放在被修饰词之后a. The villagers there are busy getting in wheat.不同类型副词的用法比较：方式副词：1）英语中有大量方式副词，说明行为方式（回答how的问题）：How beautifully your wife dances.& 你夫人舞跳的真美。2）还有相当多的副词，表示某些情绪：She smiled gratefully.& 她感激的笑了笑。3）还有一些以-ly结尾的副词，表示动作发生的状况：He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。程度副词和强调副词&：1）程度副词可修饰动词，表示“到某种程度”：&& Is she badly hurt?& 她伤得重吗？& [说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外，还可修饰形容词（a）或另一副词(b):a. fairly simple 相当简单&&&&& quite correct 完全正确b. wonderfully well 好极了&&& do it very quickly 干得很快2）much 是一个特殊的程度副词，它可以：a. 修饰形容词等：I’m not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。&b. 修饰比较级：You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。Their house is much nicer than ours. 他们的房子比我们的好多了。疑问副词和连接副词：1）疑问副词：疑问副词用来引导特殊问句：how: How is your grandmother? 你奶奶身体好吗？where: Where does she come from? 她是哪儿人？when: When can you come? 你什么时候能来？why: Why was he so late? 他为什么来得这么晚？2）连接副词：连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样，但都引导从句或与不定式连用：how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗？where: I don’t know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。（引导宾语从句）when: Tell me when you’ll be ready. 告诉我你什么时候准备好。（引导宾语从句）why: That’s why I came round. 这就是我来的原因。（引导表语从句）一些其它类型的副词，如表示方向的副词：Let’s go inside. 咱们到里面去。Take two steps forward. 向前走两步。副词的位置：1、实义动词前，be动词、情态动词之后。 I am also Bush. I can also do that. I also want to play that games. I get up early in the morning everyday. 我每天早早起床。 He gave me a gift yesterday. 他昨天给了我一件礼物。 She didn't drink water enough. 她喝的水不够。 The train goes fast. 火车跑得快。 We can go to this school freely. 我们可以免费到这家学校学习。 They left a life hardly then. 当时他们的生活很艰难。 He has a new hat on today. 他今天戴了一顶新帽子。 I have seen this film twice with my friends. 这部电影我和朋友看过两次。 2、副词修饰形容词,副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。 It's rather easy, I can do it. 这很容易,我能做到。 He did it quite well. 他做得相当好。 It's rather difficult to tell who is right.很难说谁是对的。 It's so important that I must tell my friends. 这件事太重要了，我得告诉我的朋友。 It's much better. 好多了。 3、频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。 I often help him these days. 这些日子我经常帮助他。 I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。 You mustn't always help me. 你不能老是帮助我。 He seldom comes to see us. 他很少来看我们。 We usually go shopping once a week. 我们通常一周买一次东西。 The new students don't always go to dance. 新学生并不时常去跳舞。 4、疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。 When do you study everyday? 你每天什么时间学习? Can you tell me how you did it? 你能告诉我你如何做的吗? First, let me ask you some questions. 先让我来问几个问题。 How much does this bike cost? 这辆车子多少钱？ Either you go or he comes. 不是你去就是他来。 The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom. 当老师进教室时，学生们正在读书。 5、时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。 We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. 昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ The accident took place in the Eleven Avenue one hour ago. 一小时前十一号大街发生了一场事故。 6、否定副词在句首，句子要倒装，如： Never have I felt so excited! 兼有两种形式的副词：1) close与closely close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地" He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2) late 与lately late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近" You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3) deep与deeply deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地" He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4) high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5) wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方" He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. 6) free与freely free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地" You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. Y say what you like. 副词有加a或ly的 区别在于通常加a 的副词描述一种状态，而加ly 的副词则倾向于感觉。 在一般现在时的肯定句中，当主语为非第三人称单数时，谓语动词用原形；当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。实义动词的一般现在时的单数第三人称形式遵从“s，es, ies”六字母规则。如下表所示：
实意动词单数第三人称变化规律：注意：不规则变化的有have—has， be—is， go—goes， do—does 一般现在时，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式&主语是第三人称单数有以下几种情况：&
（1）&不可数名词做主语：Some&water&is&in&the&glass&
（2）&单个的可数名词做主语：
The&girl&is&Chinese.&&My&watch&is&on&the&dresser.&
（3）&He&,she&,&it&等代词单个做主语:&He&is&in&the&tree.&She&likes&her&family&very&much.&（4）&单个的人名，地名或称呼作主语：Mary&is&a&doctor.&&Uncle&Li&speaks&a&little&English.&&&Changchun&is&a&beautiful&city.&
（5）&指示代词this,&that&等作主语:&This&is&a&pear.&&That&is&an&apple&.&
（6）&Everyone,&everything&,something,&nobody,&nothing.等不定代词作主语时&Is&everyone&here&today?&&&Everything&is&ok&.&
（7）单个数字作主语时：”8”&is&a&good&number&in&China.动词单数第三人称形式的一般现在时的句子的否定句、疑问句及特殊疑问句。&&&&
否定句：在主语的后面实义动词前加doesn’t(注意实义动词应恢复原形。)&&&&&
主语（单三）+doesn’&+&动词原形+其他&
Jim&likes&football变否定：&Jim&doesn’t&like&football&&&&&&&&&&&&&
He&has&lunch&at&school.&变否定：He&doesn’t&have&lunch&at&school.&&&
一般疑问句及答语，在句子前面加助动词does.&实义动词恢复原形&&&&&
Does&+主语（单三）+&动词原形+其他&
Does&your&father&work&?&Yes,&he&does.&/No,&he&doesn’t&&&&
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句&
特殊疑问词+&does&+主语（单三）+&动词原形+其他&&&&&&&&&
Where&does&a&bird&live&?&&&&&&&&&
How&does&she&go&to&school？&动词不定式：指由to加上动词原形（而且只能是动词原形）所构成的一种非限定性动词，但在有些情况下to可以省略。动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。动词不定式可以作以上各种成分，但它毕竟是动词，所以有动词的属性。动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语，虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语，但它表达的意义是动作，这一动作一定由使动者发出。这一使动者我们称之为逻辑主语，其形式如下：
(not) to do
(not)&to be done
(not) to have done
(not) to have been done
(not) to be doing
完成进行式
(not) to have been doing
&不定式的用法:1、不定式作主语 例如：To remember this is very important. 注意：为了避免头重脚轻，在许多情况下，通常都将作主语的不定式置于句子后部，而在句首主语位置使用形式主语it。 例如：It is very important to remember this. 2、不定式作表语例如：He seems to be ill. 注意：不定式作表语主要有三种情况，一是用于seem, appear, prove等系动词之后的不 定式（尤其是to be），二是像My job is to sweep the floor. 这样的主语与表语“等价”的情形，三是表示想法、约定、义务、命令、可能性、命运等，如：&You are to come when I call. 3、不定式作宾语 例如：I can not afford to buy a car. 注意：①不定式不仅用作动词的宾语，还可用作个别介词（but, except）的宾语。 例如：I had no choice but to wait. ②当作宾语的不定式后跟有宾语补足语时，通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语不定式置于宾语补足语之后 例如：I find it difficult to learn Japanese well. 4、不定式作宾语补足语 例如：Who taught you to drive? 5、不定式作定语 例如：I have a question to ask you. 注意：有的名词（如way, chance, right等）后用作不定式可换成of doing sth. 如：It is the best way to do (of doing) it. 但是以下名词后接不定式作定语时通常不能换成of doing sth. attempt& courage& decision& effort& fortune& failure& invitation& wish 6、不定式作状语 例如：I went to France to learn French.
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