has arrived 和 han been arrived 的区别_百度知道
has arrived 和 han been arrived 的区别
是 your candidate has been arrived
your candidate has arrived
提问者采纳
your candidate has arrived没有have been arrived这种说法。arrive是非连续性动词，没有被动语态
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出门在外也不愁当前位置：
一、语法知识
(一), 如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候,谓语动词用单数.
　　　Smoking is not a good habit.
　　　To live happily needs a lot of things.
　　　What I said is true.
(二), 如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数动词.
　　　The singer and songwriter is dead.
　　　The science and technology plays an important part
　　　 in China.
　　　 Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for
　　　 patients.
　　　 “War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read.
　　　如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, many
　　　a/an, no的时候用单数名词.
　　　Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.
　　　Each minute and second is valuable to us.
(三), 主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,
　　　besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,
　　　rather than, more than, like, including, in addition
　　　to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数.
　　 Jack with his family wants to go to China.
　　 He, as well as you, is very honest.
　　　No one but I is a student.
　　　Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident.
　　　The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible.
(四), 由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词(sb,sth---)和each,
　　　either, neither, one, the other, another, little,
　　　a little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候,谓语动词用
　　　单数.
　　　Each of you is cleverer than me.
　　　Neither student has passed the exam.
　　　Is anybody here?
(五), both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主语的时候,
　　 永远用复数动词.
　　　Several friends were invited to the party.
　　　Both books are sold out.
(六), all, none, any, some, more和most要是修饰单数名词,谓语
　　 动词用单数; 若是修饰复数名词,就用复数动词.
　　　Most of the apple is bad.
　　　Most of the apples are bad.
　　　None of this money is yours.
　　　None of the people here are teachers.
(七), 由or连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最接近的主语一致.
　　　You or he is wrong.
　　　Are you or he wrong?
　　　由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接的两个
　　　以上主语时,动词和最近的主语一致.
　　　Either he or you have to tell the truth.
　　　Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years
　　　old.
　　　Not only the basketball players but also the coach
　　　was very nervous.
(八), 若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间”, “一笔钱”, “一段距离”, “一个数量”, “一个面积”的时候用单数谓语动词.
　　　Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.
　　　Five thousand dollars is too much.
　　　Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.
(九), people(人民), police, cattle(牛群)等常用复数动词. 有一些
　　　集体名词,如果表示的是整体就用单数动词, 如果表示的是其中的个体
　　　就用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有family, class, audience,
　　　public, team等等.
　　　His family are all singers.
　　　His family is very large.
(十)， 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词一致。
　　　Those who want to go please sign their names here.
(十一)，一些名词只有复数形式，如clothes, scissors, trousers,
　　　shorts, scales 等， 作主语时谓语用复数形式
　　　The scales 天平 are mine.
　　　但是成双的东西前面有a pair of 要用单数。
　　　This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.
(十二)， 如果主语由“a kind of ( a series of ) 构成， 谓语一般
　　　用单数形式。
　　　This kind of men is dangerous.
　　　如果是多种，谓语动词要用复数。
　　　There are many kinds of apples.
(十三)， 算术式通常用单数。
(十四)， ics结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。
(十五)， 书名，剧名，报纸名，国名的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
　　　The united states is a capitalist country.
　　　“ The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story
　　　-book.
(十六)，“the+形容词（分词）“ 指人谓语动词用复数形式。指抽象谓语动词
　　　用单数。
　　　The English speak English.
　　　The new always beats the old.
(十七)， who, what, which, all,more, most some, any, none,
　　　half, the rest, the remainder 等作主语要看各自的情况。
(十八)， one and a half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。
　　　One and a half bananas is left on the table.
二、练习与检测
1. About 60 percent of the students _____ from the south, the rest of them _____
from the north and foreign countries.
　　　A. are/is B. are/are
　　　C. is/are D. are
2. Half of the workers here _____ under 30 _____.
　　　A. is/years B. are/year old
　　　C. is/years old D. are/years of age
3. Now Tom with his classmates _____ football on the playground.
　　　A. play B. are playing
　　　C. plays D. is playing
4. The number of pages in this dictionary _____ about two thousand.
　　　A. are B. has
　　　C. have D. is
5. Thirty dollars _____ too expensive.
　　　A. are B. is
　　　C. were D. be
6. The audience _____ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great
　　　A. is B. are
　　　C. was D. has
7. The secretary and principal _____ at the meeting now.
　　　A. are speaking B. is speaking
　　　C. were making a speech D. have a speech
8. “If anybody _____, please put down _____ name,” said the teacher to the monitor.
　　　A. wants to buy the book/his B. want to buy the book/their
　　　C. will buy the book/one’s D. wants to have the book bought/her
9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _____ in the room.
　　　A. are B. is stayed
　　　C. is D. are left
10. Having arrived at the station, _____.
　　　A. it was found that the train had left
　　　B. the train had left
　　　C. the train was found left
　　　D. he found that the train had left
11. Between the two roads _____ a TV tower called “Skyscraper Tower”.
　　　A. stands B. standing
　　　C. which stands D. stand
12. Either of you _____ going there tonight.
　　　A. will B. was
　　　C. is D. are
13. You as well _____ right.
　　　A. I are B. I am
　　　C. as I am D. as I are
14. All but Dick _____ in Class Three this term.
　　　A. are B. is
　　　C. were D. was
15. —Shall I wait here for three hours?
—Yes. Three hours _____ to wait for such a doctor.
　　　A. are not very long for you B. is not long enough for you
　　　C. was not long enough for you D. will be too long for you
16. Where to get the materials and how to get them _____ at the meeting.
　　　A. have not discussed B. have not been discussed
　　　C. has not discussed D. has not been discussed
17. I took mathematics and physics because I think that _____ very important
for me to make further research in this field.
　　　A. what is B. they are
　　　C. this D. which are
18. Every student and every teacher _____.
　　　A. are going to attend the meeting B. have attended the meeting
　　　C. has attended the meeting D. is attended the meeting
19. Three fourths of the bread _____ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _____
left on the table.
　　　A. was eaten/were B. were eaten/was
　　　C. were eaten/were D. was eaten/was
20. This pair of shoes _____.
　　　A. is her B. is hers
　　　C. are hers D. are her
三、练习与检测答案
1—5 BDDDB 6—10 ABACD 11—15 ACDAB 16—20 DBCDB
北 京 四 中
高中英语易混易错词汇总结（二）
年级：高 三 　科目：英 语　 　编稿：李俊和　审稿：李俊和　　责 编: 张晓俊
81. real, true
　　real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story
82. respectful, respectable
　　respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged
83. outwards, outward
　　二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词 an outward voyage
84. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
　　pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant
trip The trip is pleasing.
85. understanding, understandable
　　understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an
understandable mistake
86. close, closely
　　close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close
87. ill, sick
　　ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy
88. good, well
　　good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.
89. quiet, silent, still
　　quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。
90. hard, hardly
　　hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.
91. able, capable
　　able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing…
92. almost, nearly
　　二者均为&几乎,差不多& 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody
93. late, lately
　　late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.
94. living, alive, live, lively
　　living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all
the living people=all the people alive
95. excited, exciting
　　excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.
96. deep, deeply
　　deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
97. aloud, loud
　　aloud出声地，loud大声地 read aloud(出声地读)
98. worth, worthy
　　二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done
　　It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being
99. bad, badly
　　bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为&很，非常& go bad I need the
book badly.
100. before long, long before
　　before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long
101. quite, rather
　　quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级 quite impossible
102. happy, glad
　　happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl
103. instead, instead of
　　instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched
TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
104. too much, much too
　　too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy
105. be about to, be going to, be to do
　　be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet
him.(含双方事先约好的意思)
106. raise, rise
　　raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.
107. bring, take, carry, fetch
　　bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk
108. spend, take, pay, cost
　　spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./ take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay
cost物做主语，花钱
109. join, join in, take part in
　　join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined
the army five years ago.
110. learn, study
　　learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究
　　study the problem
111. want, hope, wish
　　want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that…
wish希望（通常不能实现）wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.
112. discover, invent, find out
　　discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明 At last he found out
the truth.
113. answer, reply
　　answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter
114. leave, leave for
　　leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
115. rob, steal
　　rob抢劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb.
116. shoot, shoot at
　　shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.
117. drop, fall
　　drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.
118. search, search for
　　search后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.
119. used to, be used to
　　used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting
120. win, lose, beat
　　win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them
121. live on, live by
　　live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing
122. beat, hit, strike
　　beat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings
123. meet, meet with
　　meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到 meet with an accident
124. lose, miss
　　lose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing,
miss the chance
125. be tired of, be tired with/from
　　be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters
126. care about, care for
　　care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意 He doesn't care about his
clothes. I don't care for movies.
127. catch a cold, have a cold
　　catch a cold不能和表示&一段时间&的状语连用，而have a cold可以
　　She has had a cold for a week.
128. change for, change into
　　change for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes
129. continue, last
　　二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years. The
story is to be continued.
130. feed, raise
　　feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children)
raise the family
131. go for a doctor, go to a doctor
　　go for a doctor去请医生，go to a doctor去看病
132. notice, observe, catch sight of
　　notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars
133. insist on, stick to
　　insist on坚持要求，后常接doing, stick to坚持, 后常接sth. stick to the plan
134. look, seem, appear
　　look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his father
135. gather, collect
　　gather把分散的东西集中到一起， collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集 collect stamps
136. mean to do, mean doing
　　mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more
137. die from, die of
　　die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger
138. pay for, pay back, pay off
　　pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt
139. divide, separate
　　divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开 divide the apple, separate the houses
140. arrive, get, reach
　　arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词 arrive in Beijing, get
to Beijing, reach Beijing
141. grow, plant
　　grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物 plant the trees, trees are growing
142. manage, try
　　manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he
143. choose, select
　　choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择 choose the best answer
144. build, put up, set up, found
　　build一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建成（内部的设施基本齐全），found国家或组织的建成 put up a tent, set
up a school
145. be familiar to, be familiar with
　　be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me.
I'm familiar with the book.
146. agree with, agree to, agree on
　　agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree
to the plan
147. throw to, throw at
　　throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔 He throw a stone at me.
148. receive, accept
　　receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.
149. wear, put on, dress
　　wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作 It's cold outside.
Put on your warm clothes.
150. listen, hear
　　listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.
151. look, see, watch
　　look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV
152. lie, lay
　　lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book
153. work as, act as
　　work as工作是…，act as充当某种职务或身份，或扮演某种角色 He works as a teacher. He acts as an interpreter.
154. move, remove
　　move动一动，但不一定移走，remove从一处移到另一处 remove the table to the kitchen
155. hurt, injure, wound
　　hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.
156. turn, get, grow
　　turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big
157. close, shut, turn off
　　close和shut当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turn off用于指有开关的物体 Close/Shut the door. Turn off
158. set out, set about, set off
　　指出发，着手解时，set out 后接 to do，set about 后接doing, set off 后接 for sp.
159. begin, start
　　begin侧重时间的开始，反义词为end，start侧重由静到动的转折，反义词为stop Class begins at 7:30a.m.
160. happen, take place
　　happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my
Growing Plants
Know Right from Left
　　Plants seem to know which way is up and which way is down；furthermore，they
seem to know right from left．If a cutting from a Lombardy poplaris kept alive，new
shoots will grow from the end that grew uppermost in the tree．
　　There is no visible difference between the top and the
bottom of the living stick，even under a microscope．Even so，the stick will not
send out shoots from the end it views as bottom even if this end happens to
be on top！
　　Scientists，studying this subject further split their cuttings
lengthwise．To their surprise，they made another interesting discovery．A good
many more buds grew on the right-hand side of the split surface than on the
left．They split the sticks again and found that the buds again grew on the right
　　The results of the entire study showed a 60-40 preference
for the right side，proving that growing plants are basically &right-handed&．
生长中的植物能分辨左右
　　植物似乎知道哪边朝上，哪边朝下；而且，它们似乎还能分辨左右。从伦巴第白杨上砍下的一根枝条如果还活着，原来长在树的最高处的那一端便会抽出新芽。
　　这根活枝条的顶部与底部并无明显差别，即便在显微镜下看也是如此。尽管这样，枝条却不从显微镜观察是底部的那一端抽芽，即使这一端碰巧朝上。
　　研究这一课题的科学家们进一步把他们砍下的枝条纵向切开，使他们惊讶的是，他们又获得另一项有趣的发现。切口表面右侧长出的嫩芽比左侧多得多，他们把枝条再切开，发现嫩芽还是长在右侧。
　　全部研究的结果表明，植物爱偏向右边，向左偏的只占40％，而向左偏的却占60％。这证明了生长中的植物基本上是&右撇&。
北 京 四 中
高中英语易混易错词汇总结（三）
年级：高 三 　科目：英 语　 编稿：李俊和　审稿：李俊和 　责 编: 张晓俊
161. at, in (表地点)
　　at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai
162. at work, in work
　　at work在工作，在上班，in work 有职业，有工作 Both my parents are at work. They are not at
163. increase to, increase by
　　increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.
164. at ease, with ease
　　at ease舒适地，安逸地；with ease容易地，无困难地 do it with ease
165. day after day, day by day
　　day after day日复一日（无变化）；day by day一天天地（有变化）Trees grow taller day by day.
166. like, as
　　like相似关系，但并不等同，as同一关系，两者实为一体 Don't treat me as a child. (In fact, I'm a child.)
167. after, in (表时间)
　　after接时间点，in接时间段 after 7:00, in five minutes
168. between, among
　　between两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among三者或三者以上之间
　　Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.
169. after, behind (表位置)
　　after强调次序的先后，behind强调物体静态位置的前后 There are many trees behind the house.
170. since, for (完成时间状语)
　　since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00
171. on the corner, in the corner, at the corner
　　on the corner物体表面的角上，in the corner物体内部的角落里，at the corner物体外部的角落上（拐角处）on the
corner of the table
172. warn sb. of, warn sb. against
　　warn sb. of提醒某人注意某事，warn sb. against提醒某人不要做某事 warm him against swimming in
that part of the river
173. at peace, in peace
　　at peace平静地，in peace和平地 live in peace with one's neighbors
174. on earth, on the earth, in the earth
　　on earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use
175. in surprise, to one's surprise, by surprise
　　in surprise惊奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是，by surprise使…惊慌 The question took
the professor by surprise.
176. in the air, on the air, in the sky
　　in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00
177. in the field, on the field
　　in the field在野外，on the field在战场上 He lost his life on the field.
178. in the market, on the market
　　in the market表示场所或地点，在市场上，on the market出售 He sells fish in the market. Fresh
vegetables are on the market now.
179. in the sun, under the sun
　　in the sun在阳光下，under the sun地球上，全世界 people under the sun
180. in a voice, with one voice
　　in a voice出声地，with one voice异口同声地 They refused with one voice.
181. through, across
　　through穿越空间，across在…上穿过 through the forest, across the desert
182. on the way, in the way
　　on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.
183. above, on, over
　　above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill
184. until, not…until
　　until到…为止， not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00. He didn't come until
185. besides, except, except for
　　besides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），except for整体…除了某一点以外 The composition is good
except for a few spelling mistakes.
186. weather, if
　　当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用weather，当如果解时用if I don't know if/whether he will
come. If he comes, I'll let you know.
187. and, or
　　and并且，or或者，否则，常用于否定句中 I don't like apples or bananas.
　　Hurry up and you'll catch the bus. Hurry up or you'll miss the bus.
188. because, since, as, for
　　原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …,
for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.
189. when, as, while (表时间)
　　when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词 While I slept, a thief
190. the same…as, the same…that
　　the same…as和…一样的（相似但不同一）， the same…that 同一物体 This is the same pen that I used
yesterday. (同一支笔)
191. as well, as well as
　　as well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；as well as并列连词，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a
writer as well.
192. such…as, such…that
　　such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is
such a good student that all the teachers like him.
193. because, because of
　　because连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didn't go to school because of his
194. in order that, in order to
　　表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接动词原形 I got up early in order to catch the
first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.
195. for example, such as
　　for example一般只列举一个，such as列举多个例子 I have been to a lot of American cities,
such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago.
196. used to, would
　　表过去常常，和现在相对应用used to，不提现在用would I used to get up early, but now I don't.
197. All right. That's all right. That's right.
　　All right. That's all right. 当好吧解时，可以替换；当不客气，没关系解时只能用That's all right. That's
right. 那是对的 ---Sorry. --- That's all right.
198. such…that, so…that
　　当如此…以至于解时，such…that修饰名词，so…that修饰形容词或副词，但名词前面如果有many, much, little, few修饰用so…that，不用such
　　so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy
199. so + be (have, can, do)+主语， neither(nor) + be (have,
can, do)+ 主语
　　也一样，肯定用so…否定用neither (nor) ---I can't play tennis. ---Nor can I.
200. Shall I…? Will you…?
　　Shall I…? 征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能…吗？ Will you…? 请求或建议对方做某事，意为你愿意…吗？Will you help
me? Yes, I will.
易混易错词汇习题检测
1. --- How about John?
　--- My uncle ____ a good student.
　A. believes John 　　B. suggest John
　C. considers John 　D. knows John
2. --- Is dinner ready?
　--- No. Mother is ____ it ready now.
　A. doing 　B. cooking 　C. getting 　D. preparing
3. --- What happened?
　--- As you know, my schoolmates never ____ their clothes well.
　A. hanging 　B. hanged 　C. hung 　D. hang
4. What size shoes do you ____?
　A. wear 　B. dress 　C. put on 　D. have on
5. What he said ____ me and I got angry.
　A. broke 　B. hurt 　C. wounded 　D. damaged
6. The bad cold ____ me awake the whole night.
　A. made 　B. caused 　C. kept 　D. let
7. At the meeting, the monitor ____ a good suggestion.
　A. said 　B. showed 　C. made 　D. put
8. Will you ____ me the favor to take down the pictures?
　A. give 　B. do 　C. make 　D. bring
9. The expression on her face ____ that she was disappointed.
　A. told 　B. said 　C. expressed 　D. suggested
10. Many parts of the country were ____ by the floods in
the summer of 1991.
　A. affected 　B. effect 　C. suffered 　D. irrigated
11. On the way back, he was ____ in a storm and got all
　A. got 　B. caught 　C. held 　D. grasped
12. The ship ____ a rock and slowly it began to go down.
　A. hit 　B. knocked 　C. beat 　D. broke
13. He often tells us that he doesn't ____ in his room.
　A. promise drinking 　B. permit drinking
　C. allow to drink 　　D. let drinking
14. Would you be kind enough to ____ me a few minutes?
　A. save 　B. share 　C. spend 　D. spare
15. I found them ____ at a desk writing.
　A. seat 　B. sat 　C. seated 　D. seating
16. The newly-built cinema ____ the beauty of the town.
　A. adds to 　B. adds up 　C. adds up to 　D. are added up to
17. They have eaten all the oranges on the table and ____
was left for me.
　A. none 　B. nothing 　C. no one 　C. not anything
18. Only when all the facts have been ____, can we draw
a conclusion.
　A. made 　B. found out 　C. discovered 　D. invented
19. If you like, ____ at any time.
　A. call on 　B. drop in 　C. visit 　D. pay a visit to
20. When they arrived at the crossroads, they went in the
wrong ____.
　A. direction 　B. ways 　C. road 　D. path
21. I ____ live in the countryside than in the city.
　A. like to 　B. had better 　C. would rather 　D. prefer
22. The clock ____ twelve and I realized it was late.
　A. hit 　B. rang 　C. struck 　D. beat
23. This science book ____ me a great amount of money.
　A. took 　B. cost 　C. used 　D. spent
24. I ____ you the best luck in the exam.
　A. wish 　B. hope 　C. expect 　D. want
25. He was too excited to ____.
　A. go to bed 　B. sleep 　C. be asleep 　D. fall asleep
26. We are ____ making a plan for the meeting.
　A. planning 　B. considering 　C. thinking 　D. supposing
27. What a nice ____ his coat is!
　A. clothes 　B. suit 　C. fit 　D. dress
28. My trousers are too long. You'd better buy me a shorter
　A. one 　B. trouser 　C. set 　D. pair
29. He's so well-educated that he will certainly be offered
a good ____.
　A. service 　B. position 　C. business 　D. work
30. Green vegetables are ____ in winter and cost a lot.
　A. scarce 　B. rare 　C. few 　D. little
31. You can't judge him by his ____. He might be a good
　A. face 　B. looks 　C. beauty 　D. expression
32. What's your ____ sport, swimming or skating?
　A. fit 　B. best 　C. popular 　D. favorite
33. I really have no ____ when they will arrive.
　A. mind 　B. thought 　C. knowledge 　D. idea
34. The price of foreign oil is much ____ than ever.
　A. cheaper 　B. expensive 　C. higher 　D. more
35. The furniture takes up a lot of ____.
　A. places 　B. room 　C. spots 　D. spaces
36. The racers are ____ old people in their sixties.
　A. most 　B. mostly 　C. almost 　D. at the most
37. The piece of ____ music made me forget my worries.
　A. merry 　B. glad 　C. fond 　D. pleased
38. In which year did the Labor Party come into ____ in
that country?
　A. change 　B. power 　C. force 　D. control
39. The enemy soldiers were beaten. They had no ____ but
to give in.
　A. possibility 　B. way 　C. selection 　D. choice
40. Lying in bed, he was ____ awake with his eyes fixed
on the ceiling.
　A. wide 　B. open 　C. deep 　D. clearly
41. From the same fact we drew different ____.
　A. ideas 　B. theories 　C. results 　D. conclusions
42. Do you know how many basic ____ of blood there are in
　A. kinds 　B. sorts 　C. types 　D. forms
43. He was so tired that as soon as he lay down he fell
____ asleep.
　A. fast 　B. very 　C. much 　D. deep
44. The ____ of oil under the land made the people richer.
　A. founding 　B. invention 　C. discovery 　D. existence
45. I had hoped that Henry would answer my question, but
he remained
　A. quiet 　B. still 　C. ready 　D. silent
46. Father often turns to the doctor for ____ about his
heart trouble.
　A. help 　B. advice 　C. money 　D. support
47. He has such a poorly-paid job that twenty dollars a
week was the ____ of
his income.
　A. all 　B. whole 　C. totals 　D. entire
48. It makes no ____ whether you go today or tomorrow.
　A. means 　B. suggestion 　C. difference 　D. idea
49. Thoughts are expressed by ____ of words.
　A. way 　B. method 　C. means 　D. forms
50. The book is so instructive that it is ____ worth reading
　A. very 　B. quite 　C. rather 　D. well
1-5 CCCAB 6-10 CCBDA 11-115 BABDC
16- 20 AABBA 21-25 CCBAD 26-30 BCDBA
31-35 BDDCB 36-40 BABDA 41-45 DCACD
46-50 BBCCD
美式英语和英式英语
　　美国是讲英语的国家。但是由于地理的阻隔、时光的流逝，美英两国在语言上已产生了不少差异，从而演变出具有美国特色的美国英语。
　　美国语言学者将美国英语分为四大类：第一类是&美国人创造的新词&，如schooner（有篷四轮大马车，美国&西进运动&中的主要交通工具）、cafeteria（自助餐馆）等；第二类是&被美国人赋予了新的含义的英国旧词&，如corn（英语中指谷类，美国人往往专指玉蜀黍）、cracker（英语意为&崩溃&、&破产&等，美国人又用它专捐南方的穷苦白人）；第三类是&已被英国人淘汰的美国常用词&，如offal（垃圾）、adze（手斧）等；第四类是&来自印第安语和其他非英国移民语言的外来词&．如canyon（峡谷）、hominy（玉米粥）等。
　　今天，美国英语在发音、拼写、单词和语法等各方面都同英国英语有所差别。
　　在发音方面，任何一个英国人只要张口讲话，美国人便会立刻辨别出来。这不仅是因为每一个元音、单词发音不同，而且整个句子的语调、重音也不同。美国人讲话通常比较慢，而且语调比较平缓。
　　在拼写方面，人们也可以根据单词拼写看出文章出自美国人之手还是英国人之手。例如&剧院&、&仪表&一类的词，英国人习惯拼作theatre，metre，美国人则习惯拼作theater和meter。再则，英国人以ise结尾的词，美国人经常习惯拼作ize。这类拼写上的不同不胜枚举。
　　在使用单词方面，美英人士的习惯更是各有所好。随手举几例如下：
　　名称 美国 英国
　　糖 candy sweets
　　玉米 corn maize
　　公寓单元 apartment flat
　　果核 pit stone
　　雪橇 sled sledge
　　手电筒 flashlight electric torch
　　这些词并不是只限在美国或只限在英国使用，而是由于习惯与偏好不同，在一国使用较多而已。
　　在习惯用语上，美国人不像英国人那样遵守语法。诸如主语的使用、动名词的规则，即使受过良好教育的美国人也往往加以忽略。美国人在讲话中常常省略介词，或把名词变成动词使用。使整个句子显得更为简练、随便。
　　以上这些构成了区别于英国英语的美国英语。
　　美国英语是在历史长河的风风雨雨中发展起来的。从第一批移民在美洲登陆起，他们就已开始创造美国英语。在陌生的新大陆上，移民们遇到许多闻所未闻的动物和植物，不得不寻找新的词汇来表达它们。他们从印第安入那里借用了一些词汇，如hickory（山核桃）、squash（南瓜）等。但大多数情况是对英语词汇加以改造。例如catfisn（产于美洲的?t鱼），便是将英语中的cat（猫）和fish（鱼）二词合并而成的新词汇。美国现在仍然使用的绝大部分新词汇大约都是在17世纪末创造的，例如log
house（木屋）一词便是1669年首先出现在《马里兰档案》中的。
　　初期，当美国英语在美洲穷乡僻壤中平静地产生时，美洲殖民地和英国本土之间往来通信很少。但自美国独立战争后，两国交往日益频繁，不规范的美国英语使持语言纯粹主义观点的英国人大为恼火，英国出现了一大批&语言警察&。1781年，前普林斯顿总督约翰?威瑟斯庞对美国英语进行了猛烈攻击。他写道&我在农村、在参议院、在酒吧、在报刊的各种文章上，甚至在布道坛上都听到、看到数不胜数的语法错误、用词错误和粗言俗语。在大不列颠，贵族、文学界以及任何一个阶层的人都是不会容忍的。&1787年，托马斯?杰佛逊在其《弗吉尼亚通讯》一书中大胆使用了belittle（轻视）一词，立刻又遭到了英国&语言警察&们的痛斥，仿佛他干了一件卑鄙、见不得人的事。
　　但是，英国评论家的大喊大叫并没能扼杀美国英语。刚刚获得独立的美国人多少有些趾高气扬，他们认为没有必要去理会一个远在3000英里之外的旧日领主的批评。1780年，美国第二任总统约翰?亚当斯亲笔给国会写信，郑重建议成立一个美国语言协会，严格按照美国原则完善美国语言。1789年，杰出的语言学家诺亚?韦伯斯特也加入了亚当斯的队伍。他预言道，一种与未来英国语言不同的语言将在新的共和国产生。
　　美国英语富有幽默感、词意丰富、且具有独创性。它不仅没有夭亡，反而对英国英语产生了巨大影响。20世纪以来，在美国电影、广播以及连环漫画的影响下，大部分美国英语的新词在英国的传播速度几乎同在美国一样快。英国的青年一代早已能十分流畅地讲出美国英语。英国《庞奇》杂志甚至专门发表系列文章，介绍解释美国俚语、新词组的含义，用以指导青年人。第二次世界大战后，美国英语与英国英语的差别已大大缩小。
　　毋庸置疑，美国对英语的发展作出了巨大贡献。今天已经很少有人坚持分辨美国英语和英国英语孰对孰错、孰优孰劣。可以说它们已齐头并进，互相影响，共同发挥着作用。
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