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本次机会已经送出，可复制一下链接给好友!四川大学考博英语-1试卷基本信息
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四川大学考博英语-1试卷简介
（2010年英语模拟试题题库，试卷总分：100分，）四川大学考博英语-1单选集题：&Ⅰ Reading Comperehension
Directions: There are 6 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.（1）“需要
才能查看试题”Passage One
The table before which we sit may be,
as the scientist maintains, composed of dancing atoms, but it does not reveal
itself to us as anything of the kind, and it is not with dancing atoms but a
solid and motionless object that we live. So remote is this
"real" table—and most of the other "realities" with which science deals—that it
cannot be discussed in terms which have any human value, and though it may
receive out purely intellectual credence it cannot be woven into the pattern of
life as it is led, in contradistinction to life as we attempt to think about it.
Vibrations in the either are so totally unlike, let us say, the color purple
that the gulf between them cannot be bridged, and they are, to all intents and
purposes, not one but two separate things of which the second and less "real"
must be the most significant for us. And just as the sensation which has led us
to attribute an objective reality to a non-existent thing which we call "purple"
is more important for human life than the conception of vibrations of a certain
frequency, so too the belief in God, however ill founded, has been more
important in the life of man than the germ theory of decay, however true the
latter may be. We may, if we like, speak of consequence, as
certain mystics love to do, of the different levels or orders of truth. We may
adopt what is essentially a Platonist trick of thought and insist upon
postulating the existence of external realities which correspond to the needs
and modes of human feeling and which, so we may insist, have their being is some
part of the universe unreachable by science. But to do so is to make an
unwarrantable assumption and to be guilty of the metaphysical fallacy of
failing to distinguish between a truth of feeling and that other sort of truth
which is described as a "truth of correspondence," and it is better perhaps, at
least for those of us who have grown up in an age of scientific thought, to
steer clear of such confusions and to rest content with the admission that,
though the universe with which science deals is the real universe, yet we
do not and cannot have any but fleeting and imperf that the
most important part of our lives-our sensations, emotions, desires, and
aspirations-takes place in a universe of illusions which science can attenuate
or destroy, but which it is powerless to enrich.（2）“需要
才能查看试题”Passage Two
These days we hear a lot of nonsense
about the "great classless society". The idea that the twentieth century is the
age of the common man has become one of the great cliches of our time. The same
old arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a
system of government has been completely discredited. The monarchies that
survive have been deprived of all political power. Inherited wealth has been
savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the great fortunes will disappear
altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been complete. The people
the great millennium has become a political reality. But has it Close
examination doesn’t bear out the claim. It is a fallacy to
suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if you
provide everybody with the same educational opportunities. （It is debatable
whether you can ever provide everyone with the same educational opportunities,
but that is another question.） The fact is that nature dispenses brains and
ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The old rules of
the jungle, "survival of the fittest", and "might is right" are still with us.
The spread of education has destroyed the old class system and created a new
one. Rewards are based on merit. For "aristocracy" read "meritocracy"; in other
respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly
maintained. Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of
seizing opportunities, all bring material rewards. And what is the first thing
people do when they become rich They use their wealth to secure the best
possible opportunities for their children, to give them a good start in life.
For all the lip service we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this
wrong in the western world. Private schools which offer unfair advantages over
state schools are not banned because one of the principles in a democracy is
that people should be free to choose how they will educate their children. In
this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent: an able
child from a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer
counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It
would be almost impossible to become the leader of a democracy without massive,
financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was.
In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality,
privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded
according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers
that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and
expensively trained to become future rulers. In the end, all political
ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are
ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.（3）“需要
才能查看试题”Passage Three
The discovery of the Antarctic not only
proved one of the most interesting of all geographical adventures, but created
what might be called "the heroic age of Antarctic exploration". By their
tremendous heroism, men such as Shackleton, Scott, and Amundsen caused a new
continent to emerge from the shadows, and yet that heroic age, little more than
a century old, is already passing. Modern science and inventions are
revolutionizing the techniques of former explorers, and, although still calling
for courage and feats of endurance, future journeys into these icy wastes will
probably depend on motor vehicles equipped with caterpillar traction rather than
on the dogs that earlier discoverers found so invaluable. Few
realize that this Antarctic continent is almost equal in size to South America,
and enormous field of work awaits geographers and prospectors. The coasts of
this continent remain to be accurately charted, and the mapping of the whole of
interior presents formidable task to the cartographers who undertake the work.
Once their labors are completed, it will be possible to prospect the vast
natural resources which scientists believe will furnish one of the largest
treasure hoards of metals and minerals the world has yet known, an almost
inexhaustible sources of copper, coal, uranium, and many other ores will become
available to man. Such discoveries will usher in an era of practical
exploitation of the Antarctic wastes. The polar darkness which
hides this continent for the six winter months will be defeated by huge
batteries of light, and make possible the establishing of air fields for the
future intercontinental air service by making these areas as light as day.
Present flying routes will completely change, for the Antarctic refueling bases
will make flight from Australia to South America comparatively easy over the
5,000 miles journey. The climate is not likely to offer an
insuperable problem, for the explorer Admiral Byrd has shown that the climate is
possible even for men completely untrained for expeditions into those frozen
wastes. Some of his parties were men who had never seen snow before, and yet he
records that they survived the rigors of the Antarctic climate comfortably, so
that, provided that the appropriate installations are made, we may assume that
human beings from all countries could live there safely. Byrd even affirms that
it is probably the most health climate in the world, for the intense cold of
thousands of years has sterilized this continent, and rendered it absolutely
germfree, with the consequences that ordinary and extraordinary sicknesses and
disease from which man suffers in other zones with different climates are here
utterly unknown. There exist no problems of conservation and
preservation of food supplies, for the latter keep indefinitely without any
si it may even be that later generations will come to
regard the Antarctic as the natural storehouse for the whole world. Plans are
already on foot to set up permanent bases on the shores of this continent, and
what so few years ago was regarded as a "dead continent" now promises to be a
most active centre of human life and endeavor.（4）“需要
才能查看试题”Passage Four
Television is one of today’s most
powerful and widespread means of mass communication. It directly influences our
lives on both a short and long- it brings worldwide situations into
it affords extensive opportunities for acquir
and it performs these tasks in a convenient yet effective manner. We are all
aware of the popularly accepted applications of television, particularly those
relative to entertainment and news broadcasting. Television, however, has also
been a vital link in unmanned deep space exploration （such as the Voyager I and
Ⅱ missions）, in providing visions from hazardous areas （such as proximity to
radioactive materials or environments） in underwater research, in viewing storms
moving across a metropolitan area （the camera being placed in a
weather-protective enclosure near the top of a tower）, etc. The earth’s weather
satellites also use television cameras for vie- wing cloud cover and movements
from 20,000 miles in space. Infrared filters are used for night views, and
several systems include a spinning mirror arrangement to permit wide-area views
from the camera. Realizing the unlimited applications for today’s television,
one may thus logically ponder the true benefits of confining most of our video
activities to the mass-entertainment field. Conventional
television broadcasting within the United States centres around free enterprise
and public ownership. This requires funding by commercial sponsors, and thus
functions in a revenue-producing business manner. Television in USSR-subjected
areas, conversely, is a government-owned and maintained arrangement. While such
arrangements eliminate the need for commercial sponsorship, it also has the
possibility of limiting the type of programs available to viewers （a number of
purely entertainment programs similar to the classic "Bewitched", however, have
been seen on these government -controlled networks. All isn’t as gray and dismal
as the uninformed might unnecessarily visualize）. A highly modified form of
television called Slow-Scan TV is presently being used by many Amateur Radio
operators to provide direct visual communications with almost any area of the
world. This unique visual mode recently allowed people on the tiny South Pacific
country of Pitcairn Island to view, for the first time in their lives, distant
areas and people of the world. The chief radio Amateur and communications
officer of Pitcairn, incidentally, is the legendary Tom Christian-great, great
grandson of Tom Christian of "Mutiny on the Bounty" fame. Radio Amateurs in many
lands worked together for several months establishing visual capabilities. The
results have proven spectacular, yet the visual capabilities have only been used
for health education, or welfare purposes. Commercial TV is still unknown to
natives of that tiny country. Numerous other forms of television and visual
communication, have also been used on a semi-restricted basis. This indicates
the many untapped areas of video and television which may soon be exploited on a
more widespread basis. The old clich of a picture being worth a thousand words
truly has merit.（5）“需要
才能查看试题”Passage Five
Nanotechnology, according to its fans,
will jump-start a new industrial revolution with molecular-sized structures as
complex as the human cell and 100 times stronger than steel. The new technology
transforms everyday products and the way they are made by manipulating atoms so
that materials can be shrunk, strengthened and lightened all at once. To date
only modest nanotech-based products—such as stain-resistant fabrics and fresh
food packaging—have entered the market, but some scientists predict
nanotechnology will eventually be the only game in town. "It will be a
ubiquitous technology," said George Stephanopoulos, professor of chemical
engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He echoes other
nanotech supporters who say industrial countries are already sliding toward its
use in every aspect of manufacturing. Aided by recent advances
in microscopes, scientists can now place single atoms where they want for the
first time. The potential applications are numerous, with microscopic computers,
cancer-killing antennae and nonpolluting car engines on the distant horizon.
When it’s all going to happen, though, is another matter. According to most
scientific accounts, the nanotech future may be 10 to 20 years off. Major
hurdles need to be jumped. First, there is a lack of economic mass production.
Some of the more complicated devices would require exact placement of billions
of atoms. "It may take the lifetime of the universe to complete the construction
of （such a） device," said George Barbastathis, assistant professor at MIT.
Another challenge is bridging the nanoscale and macroscopic, he said. In other
words, the smallness of a nano device is useless when it must be attached to
large wires. It’s unclear how scientists will overcome these problems. And fears
derived from science fiction threaten to derail nanotechnology even as it
emerges, in much the same way popular anxiety over "super-weeds" and
"frankenfoods" have hobbled biotechnology in agriculture and fear of "designer
babies" has set back stem-cell research. Lured by a market with
billions of dollars in potential profits, giants like GE, Intel, Motorola and
IBM are already heavily involved in research. Worldwide, the two industries with
the potential to win big with nanotechnology are electronics and biotechnology,
according to MIT researchers. On the biotech front, scientists are promoting the
notion of nanoparticles made from gold that could be triggered remotely to heat
and kill individual cancer cells. Nanotechnology holds equal promise for wealth
creation, hut there isn’t a consensus among venture capitalists on how to
realize it. "Which direction is it going to work out in That’s the question on
everyone’s mind," Gang Chen, an associate professor at the MIT, told scientists
at a Boston nano gathering.（6）“需要
才能查看试题”Passage Six
The last decade has seen a tremendous
expansion of scientific knowledge in human genetics. Our understanding of human
genes and of the genetic basis of disease has grown dramatically. Currently,
more than 4,000 diseases are known to be genetic and are passed on in families.
Moreover, it is now known that alterations in our genes play a role in such
common conditions as heart disease, diabetes, and many types of
cancer. The identification of disease-related genes has led to
an increase in the number of available genetic tests that detect disease or an
individual’s risk of disease. New tests arc being developed to detect colon
cancer, breast cancer, and other conditions. Scientists are concerned not only
that gene tests offered are reliable, but also that patients and health care
professionals understand the limitations of such testing. The disclosure of test
results could inflict psychological harm to a patient if safe and effective
interventions are not also available. Gene testing involves
examining a person’s DNA-taken from cells "in a sample of blood or,
occasionally, from other body fluids or tissues—for some anomaly that flags a
disease or disorder. In addition to studying genes, genetic testing in a broader
sense includes biochemical tests for the presence or absence of key proteins
that signal aberrant genes. The most widespread type of genetic
testing is newborn screening. Each year in the United States, four million
newborn infants have blood samples tested for abnormal or missing gene products.
Some tests look for abnormal arrangements of the chemical bases in the gene
itself, while other tests detect inborn errors by verifying the absence of a
protein that the cell needs to function normally. Carrier testing can be used to
help couples to learn if they carry—and thus risk passing to their children.
Genetic tests—biochemical and DNA-based—also are widely available for the
prenatal diagnosis of conditions such as Down syndrome. Much of
the current excitement in gene testing centers on predictive gene testing: tests
that identify people who are at risk of getting a disease, before any symptoms
appear. Tests are already available in research programs for some two dozen
diseases, and as more disease genes are discovered, more gene tests can be
expected. Tests for a few rare cancers are already in clinical
use. Predictive gene tests for more common types of cancer are still primarily a
research tool, difficult to execute and available only through research programs
to small numbers of people who have a strong family history of disease. But the
field of gene testing is evolving rapidly, with new genes being discovered
almost daily and innovations in testing arriving almost as
quickly.单项选择题：&Ⅱ Vocabulary
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.（1）In 14 years as a （n） ______in the major league Kobel I had never seen two baseball teams fight like this.（2）After spending some time on the island they became ______to the hardships.（3）The word "lady" has ______of refinement and excessive femininity that some women find offensive.（4）The new factory that has been built next to us has ______the value of our house.（5）Left in the garage where it was damp, the wooden frame had______.（6）Four members walked out of the session, with the result that the committee did not have a ______and would not take any decisions.（7）The airline ______me for the amount they had overcharged me.（8）She crossed the enemy lines, disguised as a civilian, to bring medical______ to the Resistance fighters.（9）Will the pressure applied by environmentalists be enough to ______the industrialized nations into using less fossil fuels（10）Farmers often use water buffalo to help them in the ______fields.单选集题：&Ⅲ Cloze Test
Directions: In this part, you are required to read the following passage carefully. For each of the 20 blanks there are four marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.（1）“需要
才能查看试题”
The business of advertising is to
invent methods of addressing massive audiences in a language designed to be
easily accessible and immediately persuasive. No advertising agency wants to
（51） out an ad that is not clear and convincing to millions of people. But
the agency, （52） they would agree that ads should be written to sell
products, disagree when it （53） down to the most effective methods of
doing so. （54） the years, advertising firms have developed among
themselves a variety of distinctive styles （55） on their understanding of
the different kinds of audiences they want to reach. No two agencies would
handle the （56） product identically. To people （57） whom
advertising is an exacting discipline and a highly competitive profession, an ad
is （58） more than a sophisticated sales pitch, an attractive verbal
（59） device to serve manufactures. In fact, for those who examine ads
critically or professionally, products may very well be （60） more than
merely points of departure. Ads often （61） their products, and in the
（62） of early advertisements for products that are no longer available, we
cannot help （63） consider the advertisement independently of our
responses, to those products. The point of examining ads apart （64） their
announced subjects is not that we ignore the product completely, but （65）
we try to see the product only （66） it is talked about and portrayed
in the full （67） of the ad. Certainly, it is not necessary to （68）
tried a particular product to be （69） to appreciate the technique
section and design used in （70）
advertisement.问答题：&Ⅳ Translation
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate it into Chinese. Please write your translation on the Answer Sheet.（1）In fact, one of the biggest virtues of virtual reality is that it allows students to learn in a safe environment, and this holds true for students with behavior disorders. After a student has learned an appropriate behavior or way of controlling his or her anger, the student is put in progressively more difficult virtual social situations where he or she can practice the new technique. And it is expected that future teachers will be exposed to virtual classes, complete with "difficult students" to help them master behavior management techniques.
Virtual reality even allows us to tailor the world to meet a child’s needs. Let’s say we’re teaching a child to cross the street by paying attention to traffic signs. Educators have found that it is often difficult for the child to locate the traffic sign in a busy environment. With virtual reality, we can blow up the "walk sign" so the student knows what it looks like. Then we gradually begin shrinking the sign and adding other environmental elements. Once the student has mastered this virtually, he or she transfers the knowledge to the real world. In the end, this is the most important function of virtual reality programs for special students.问答题：&Part B
Directions: Translate the following 5 sentences into English. Please write your translation on the Answer Sheet.（1）5月26日早上，天气很好，一架海军飞机从军事基地起飞，去执行搜索敌航空母舰（aircraft carrier）的任务。（2）我不会像作者在书中那样，甚至说它是唯一能涵盖一切事实的解释。（3）我将在本书中进一步阐述的理论是，文字不能代表事物，因而不能反映现实。（4）百慕大三角被士兵们看做“大西洋的墓地”，但美国海军并不认为它是一个危险区域。（5）认为外星人在三角区内人类尚未探索的大西洋海底建立了高度发达的文明的说法，在科学家中引发了一场争论。问答题：&Ⅴ Writing
Directions: In this part you are required to write a composition entitled Consumer Rights in no less than 150 words. Your composition should follow the outlines below:（1）作为消费者，日常生活中遇到消费者权益的问题该如何处理
2．消费者对此持不同的态度。
3．我个人的意见。
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