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完形填空。&&&& Mike always loves ships. When he was&&&&1&& ,&he said,"l'm going into the army. "But his eyes were not&&&2& ,and he could not get in.&&&& Then he said,"l'm going to buy a small&&&3&& ,and I'm going to go around the world. "But boats&&4&&& very expensive,and Mike did not have&&&5&& money.&&&&& But last summer Mike found a swimmg&&club(俱乐部)near&&&6&& house.The lessons did not cost very much,and Mike began going to the club at the weekends and&&&&7& Now he is a good swimmer.&&&&& Last week a little boy said to him,"You are a very good swimmer. How did you leam to swim&&&8&& "Mike said and he smiled,"Whenever I'm in the water,l say to&&&9& ,There are dangerous fishes in this area(地区) !'&&Then I'm very&&&10&& ,and I try to swim fast. "(&&&& )1. A.dead&&&&&&&&&&&& (&&&& )2. A.good&&&&&&&&&&&& (&&&& )3. A.plane&&&&&&&&&&&&(&&&& )4. A.are&&&&&&&&&&&&&&(&&&& )5. A.many&&&&&&&&&&&& (&&&& )6. A.his&&&&&&&&&&&&&&(&&&& )7. A. having meetings (&&&& )8. A.so slowly&&&&&&&&(&&&& )9. A.me&&&&&&&&&&&&&& (&&&& )10. A.afraid&&&&&&&&&&B. younger&&&&&&B. bad&&&&&&&&&&B. train&&&&&&&&B. is&&&&&&&&&& B. much&&&&&&&& B. her&&&&&&&&&&B.&watching TV B. so fast&&&&&&B. myself&&&&&& B. busy&&&&&&&& C. older& C. broken&&&&&&&&&&C. boat&&&&&&&&&&&&C. were&&&&&&&&&&&&C. any&&&&&&&&&&&& C. him&&&&&&&&&&&& C.&&having lessons C. not so fast&&&& C. him&&&&&&&&&&&& C. poor&&&&&&&&&&&&D. ill&&&&&&&&&&&&D. weak&&&&&&&&&& D. car&&&&&&&&&&&&D. was&&&&&&&&&&&&D. few&&&&&&&&&&&&D. she&&&&&&&&&&&&D. seeing films&& D. not so well&&&&D. himself&&&&&&&&D. rich&&&&&&&&&&
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1-5 &&CACCB&&6-10&&ACBBA《高三英语》相关试题
完形填空。&&&& "A DVD retails (零售) for $10 or more. Out of that, we writers get four or five cents now. We're asking to get eight cents per DVD. The&&&1&&&and others say we're asking for too much." That is television writer Saul Bloom's argument as to&& 2&&&the Writers Association of America is going on strike. &&&& The strike by TV and movie writers will greatly&&&3& &TV and movie production. The last such strike, in 1988,&&&4&&&the industry half a billion dollars. That strike lasted five months. &&&& All movies that require the&&&5&&&of professional writers will stop production. TV networks will have to&&&6&&&"reality" shows that don't require professional writers.&&&7& , of course, there will be plenty of reruns (重播). TV viewers&&&8&&&fresh programs might have to switch to cable TV or&&&9&&&DVDs. A recent nationwide poll (民意测验)&&10&&that the general public strongly supports the writers, who are&&11&&to be underpaid and unappreciated. &&&& "Writers are&&12&&demanding," complained Reese Majors, vice president of a production company with seven&&13&&airing weekly on network TV. "They think they are so&&14&. All they do is to type a bunch of&&15&&onto a piece of paper. They think that writing is worff. But how can it be work when it is done in the&&16&&of their homes? How can you call sitting at home 'work'? The&&17&&and the crew have to go on location (外景拍摄), where they must&&18&&the cold, the heat, the jet lag, and the&&19&&of being away from home No home cooking for them-they have to eat&&20&. But you don't hear them asking for four more cents per DVD!" (&&&& )1. A. dancers&&&& (&&&& )2. A. how&&&&&&&& (&&&& )3. A. affect&&&&& (&&&& )4. A. charged&&&& (&&&& )5. A. education&& (&&&& )6. A. cancel&&&&& (&&&& )7. A. In all&&&&& (&&&& )8. A. in memory of(&&&& )9. A. rent&&&&&&& (&&&& )10. A. indicates& (&&&& )11. A. required&& (&&&& )12. A. only&&&&&& (&&&& )13. A. books&&&&& (&&&& )14. A. special&&& (&&&& )15. A. phrases&&& (&&&& )16. A. bight&&&&& (&&&& )17. A. writers&&& (&&&& )18. A. battle&&&& (&&&& )19. A. excitement (&&&& )20. A. out&&&&&&& B. writers&&&&&&&& &B. why&&&&&&&&&&&&& & B. increase&&&&&&& &B. spent&&&&&&&&&&& & B. skills&&&&&&&&& && B. examine&&&&&&& && B. In general&&&& & B. in honor of&&&& &B. provide&&&&&&&&& &&& B. imagines&&&&& &&& B. thought&&&&&& & B. even&&&&&&&&&&& && B. advertisements &&& B. friendly&&&&& && B. words&&&&&&&&& &&& B. comfort&&&&&& &&& B. pilots&&&&&&& &&& B. enjoy&&&&&&&& && B. pleasure&&&&&& && B. up&&&&&&&&&&&& C. producers&&&&& & C. where&&&&&&&&&&& &&&& C. rescue&&&&&&& & C. cost&&&&&&&&&&&& &&& C. delight&&&&&&& &&& C. ban&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&& C. In conclusion&&&& C. in search of& & C. mend&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&&& C. approves&&&& &&&&& C. desired&&&&& && C. too&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&& C. shows&&&&&&&& &&&&&& C. ashamed&&&& &&& C. arguments&&&&& &&&&& C. shadow&&&&&& &&&&&& C. viewers&&&& &&&&& C. feel&&&&&&&& &&&& C. opportunity&& &&&& C. away&&&&&&&&& D. singers&&&&&&& &D. when&&&&&&&&&&&&& &&&& D. improve&&&&&& &D. got&&&&&&&&&&&&&& && D. positions&&&&&& && D. broadcast&&&&&& &&&&& D. In addition& &&&&& D. in charge of && D. trust&&&&&&&&&& &&&& D. answers&&&&&& &&&&& D. commanded&&& &&&&&&&&&&&&&& &D. also&&&&&&&&&& &&& D. cartoons&&&&&& &&&&& D. delighted&&& && D. signs&&&&&&&&&& &&&& D. background&&& &&&&&& D. actors&&&&& &&&&& D. avoid&&&&&&& &&&& D. loneliness&&& &&& D. in&&&&&&&&&&&&
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淘豆网网友近日为您收集整理了关于2014职称英语理工A新增文章+完形填空(小抄)的文档，希望对您的工作和学习有所帮助。以下是文档介绍：2014职称英语理工A新增文章+完形填空(小抄) 多功能词典阅读判断第八篇 What Is a Dream?For centuries,----. It’s important to remember thatthe world of dreams is not the real world.1.Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful. ARight2.According to Freud, people dream about things thatthey cannot talk about. A Right3.Jung believed that dreams did not help one tounderstand oneself. B Wrong4.In the past, people believed that dreams involvedemotions.C Not mentioned5.According to Domhoff, babies do not have the sameability to dre(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])am as adults do. A Right6.Men and women dream about different things. ARight7 . Scientists agree that dreams predict the future.B Wrong第十篇 The Biology of MusicHumans use ------For scientists,this is clearly an areathat needs further research.1.Humans, but not animals, can sing. B Wrong2.People can use music municate their emotions.A Right3.We use the same part of the brain for music andlanguage.B Wrong4.Geoffery Miler has done research on music ande(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])motions. A Right5.It’s hard for humans pose music. C Notmentioned6.Memory is not an important part in singing in tune. BWrong7.Scientists does not know all the answers about theeffects of music on humans. A Right第十一篇 Bill Gates: Unleashing Your CreativityI’ve always been an optimist -----we're going tomake some amazing achievements in all these areas inmy lifetime.1.puter was as big as an icebox when Bill Gateswas a high school student. A Right2(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html]).Bill Gates has been dreaming of the popularity puters for his lifetime. A Right3.Bill pares his hard work on a PC to“tap-dancing to work”. B Wrong4.To Bill Gates’ mind, there is a big difference betweenthe death of the poor’s children and the death of therich’s children. B Wrong5.So far Bill Gates has contributed several dozen billiondollars to the charities.C Not mentioned6.Bill Gates and his wife consider it their duty to helpthe poor better thei(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])r health and education as much aspossible. A Right7.Bill Gates will leave only a small portion of hiswealth for his children. C Not mentioned第十四篇 Stage Fright1Fall down as e onstage.------ Andersonadded,“I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung mylast note.”1.Falling down onstage was not a good way forVladimir Feltsman to deal with his stage fright.B Wrong2.There are many signs of stage fright. A Right3.Teachers and psychologists cannot help peopl(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])e withextreme -stage fright. B Wrong4.To perform well on stage, you need to have somefeelings of excitement. A Right5.If you have stage fright, it's helpful to have friendlyaudience. C Not mentioned6.Often people have stage fright because parents orteachers expect too much of them. A Right7.Famous musicians never suffer from stage fright. BWrong阅读 I’ll Be Bach1 . The posed by David cope is about______.A Classical music2.By developing puter softw(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])are,David copeaimed ______.C to write an opera3.What did cope realize about a poser’s brain?D It creates an accurate database4.Who is Emmy? B puter software5 .We can infer from the passage that ______.DEmmy did much more work than poser.第五部分补全短文第四篇 The Bilingual BrainWhen Karl Kim immigrated to the United Statesfrom Korea’s a teenager, he had a hard time learningEnglish. Now he speaks it fluently, and he had a uniqueopportunity to see how our brains(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html]) adapt to a secondlanguage.1As a graduate student, Kim worked in the labof Joy Hirsch, a neuroscientist in New York. --1 F Theirwork led to an important discovery.-- They foundevidence that children and adults don’t use the sameparts of the brain when they learn a second language.The researchers used an instrument called an MRI2(ic resonance imaging) scanner to study thebrains of two groups of bilingual people. _2_ One groupconsisted of those who ha(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])d learned a second language aschildren._. The other consisted of people who, likeKim,learned their second language later in life. Peoplefrom both groups were placed inside the MRI scanner.This allowed Kim and Hirsch to see which parts of thebrain were getting more blood and were more active.They asked people from both groups to think about whatthey had done the day before, first in one language andthen the other. They couldn’t speak out loud because(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])多功能词典any movement would disrupt the scanning.Kim and Hirsch looked specifically at two languagecenters in the brain - Broca's area3, which is believed tocontrol speech production, and Wernicke’s area3, whichis thought to process meaning. Kim and Hirsch foundthat both groups of people used the same part ofWernicke's area no matter what language they werespeaking_3_ A But their use of Broca’s area wasdifferent. People who learned a second lang(来源：淘豆网[/p-3853208.html])uage aschildren used the same region in Broca’s area for boththeir first and second languages. People who learned asecond language later in life used a different part ofBroca’s area for their second language. _4_ How doesHirsch explain this difference? _ Hirsch believes thatwhen language is first being programmed in youngchildren, their brains may mix the sounds and structuresof all languages in the same area. Once thatprogramming plete, the processing of a newlanguage must be taken over by a different part of thebrain.A second possibility is simply that we may acquirelanguages differently as children than we do as adults.Hirsch thinks that mothers teach a baby to speak byusing different methods involving touch, sound, andsight. ____5_ And that is very different from learning alanguage in a high school or college class.第十篇 How Deafness Makes It Easier to HearMost people think of Beethoven’s hearing loss asan obstacle posing music. However, he producedhis most powerful works in the last decade of his lifewhen he pletely deaf.This is one of the most glorious cases of thetriumph of will over adversity1, but his biographer,Maynard Solomon, takes a different view. 1_ Solomonargues that Beethoven’s deafness “heightened” hisachievement as poser.. In his deaf worldBeethoven could experiment, free from the sounds ofthe outside world, free to create new forms andharmonies.Hearing loss does not seem to affect the musicalability of musicians who e deaf. They continue to“hear” music with as much, or greater, accuracy than ifthey were actually hearing it being played. 2_ MichaelEagar, who died in 2003,became deaf at the age of 21..He described a fascinating phenomenon that happenedwithin three months: “my former musical experiencesbegan to play back to me. I couldn’t differentiatebetween what I heard and real hearing.2After manyyears, it is still rewarding to listen to these play backs, to‘ hear’ music which is new to me and to find many paniments for all of my moods. ”How is it that the world we see,touch,hear,andsmell is both “out there” and at the same time within us?There is no better example of this connection betweenexternal stimulus and internal perception than thecochlear implant3._3No man-made device could replacethe ability to hear.. However, it might be possible to usethe brain’s remarkable power to make sense of theelectrical signals the implant produces.When Michael Edgar first “switched on” hiscochlear implant, the sounds he heard were not at allclear. Gradually, with much hard work, he began toidentify everyday sounds. For example, “The insistentringing of the telephone became clear almost at once.”The primary purpose of the implant is to munication with others. When people spoke toEagar, he heard their voices “coming through like along-distance telephone call on a poor connection.” Butwhen it came to his beloved music, the implant was ofno help.4_4_When he wanted to appreciate music,Eagar played the piano.. He said, “I play the piano as Iused to and hear it in my head at the same time. Themovement of my fingers and the feel of the keys giveadded ‘ clarity’ to hearing in my head.5”Cochlear implants allow the deaf to hear again in away that is not perfect,but which can change their lives._5 Still, as Michael Eagar discovered, when es tomusical harmonies, hearing is irrelevant.. Even the mostamazing cochlear implants would have been useless toBeethoven as posed his Ninth Symphony at theend of his life.第十五篇 A Memory Drug?IT’S DIFFICULT TO IMAGINE MANY THINGSthat people would e more than amemory-enhancing drug. _1 A memory enhancer couldhelp eliminate forgetting associated with aging anddisease._ Furthermore, such a drug could help peopleremember past experiences more clearly and help usacquire new information more easily for school and atwork. As scientists learn more about memory, we areclosing in on this tantalizing goal.1Some of the most exciting es fromresearch that has built on earlier findings linking LTP2and memory to identify a gene that improves memory inmice. 2 The gene makes a protein that assists theNMDA2 receptor,which plays an important role inlong-term memory by helping to initiate LTP. Micebred to have extra copies of this gene showed moreactivity in their NMDA receptors,more LTP,andimproved performance on several different memorytasks — learning a spatial layout3, recognizing familiarobjects,and recalling a fear-inducing shock.If these basic insights about genes, LTP, and thesynaptic basis of memory can be translated to people —and that remains to be seen — they could pave the wayfor memory-enhancing treatments. _3_ Like steroids forbulking up the muscles, these drugs would bulk upmemory._ As exciting as this may sound, it also raisestroubling issues. Consider the potential educationalimplications of memory-enhancing drugs. If memory多功能词典enhancers were available, children who used them mightbe able to acquire and retain extraordinary amounts ofinformation, allowing them to progress far more rapidlyin school than they could otherwise. How well could thebrain handle such an onslaught of information? Whathappens to children who don’t have access to the latestmemory enhancers? Are they left behind in school —and as a result handicapped later in life?_4_ What are the potential implications ofmemory-enhancing drugs for the workplace?_ hat you are applying for a job that requires a goodmemory,such as a manager at a pany ora sales position that requires remembering customers’names as well as the attributes of different products andservices. Would you take a memory-enhancing drug toincrease your chances of landing the position? Wouldpeople who felt fortable taking such a drug findthemselves cut out of lucrative career opportunities?Memory drugs might also help take the sting outof disturbing memories that we wish we could forget butcan’t.4The 2004 hit movie Eternal Sunshine of theSpotless Mind told the story of a young man seekingjust such freedom from the painful memories of aromantic breakup. As you will see in the section onpersistence later in the chapter, emotionally arousingevents often create intrusive memories, and researchershave already muted emotional memories with drugs thatblock the action of key hormones. Should emergencyworkers who must confront horrifying accident scenesthat can burden them with persisting memories beprovided with such drugs? Should such drugs be givento rape victims who can’t forget the trauma? Memorydrugs might provide some relief to such individuals. Butcould they also interfere with an individual’s ability toassimilate e to terms with a difficultexperience?5_5_ We may find ourselves struggling withthese kinds of questions in the not-too-distant future.第一篇 Captain Cook Arrow LegendIt was a great legend while it lasted,but DNAtesting has (1) finally ended a two-century-old story ofthe Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of Britishexplorer Captain James Cook(2) who died in theSandwich Islands’in 1779.“There is (3) no Cook in the AustralianMuseum,’’museum collection manager Jude Philip saidnot long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that thearrow was not made of Cook’S bone.But that will notstop the museum from continuing to display the arrow inits(4) exhibition , “Uncovered : Treasures of theAustralian Museum,” which(5) does include a feathercape presented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalani’opu’uin 1778.Cook was one of Britain’s great explorers and iscredited with(6) discovering the“Great South Land,&(7)now Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in theSandwich Islands,now Hawaii。The 1egend of Cook’s arrow began in 1824 (8)when Hawaiian King Kamehameha on his deathbedgave the arrow to William Adams,a London surgeonand relative of Cook’s wife,saying it was made ofCook’s bone after the fatal(9) fight with islanders.In the 1890s the arrow was given to the AustralianMuseum and the legend continued (10) until it cameface=to-face with science.DNA testing by laboratories in Australia and NewZealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cook’sbone but was more (11) likely made of animal bone。said Philp.However, Cook’s fans (12) refuse to give up hopethat one Cook legend will prove true and that part of hisremains will still be uncovered.as they say there isevidence not a11 of Cook’s body was (13) buried at seain 1 779.“On this occasion technology has won&,”saidCliff Thornton,president of the Captain Cook Society,in a (14) statement from Britain.“But I am (15)sure that one of these days…one of the Cook legendswill prove to be true and it will happen one day.’’第二篇 Avalanche and Its SafetyAn avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow,often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside.Avalanches are (1) among the biggest dangers in themountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden ofmaterial, typically snowpack, that is too massive andunstable for the slope (2) that supports it. Determiningthe critical load, the amount of over-burden which is(3)likely to cause an avalanche, (4) is plex taskinvolving the evaluation of a number of factors.Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeperthan 60 degrees typically have a low (5)risk ofavalanche. Snow does not (6)gather signific also, snow does not (7)flow easily on flatslopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatestincidence when the snow's angle of rest is (8)between35 and 45 the critical angle, the angle at whichthe human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38degrees. The rule of thumb is: A slope that is (9) flatenough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has thepotential to generate an avalanche, regardless of theangle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with (10) that is, the more a slope is disturbed by skiers, themore likely it is that an avalanche will occur.Due to plexity of the subject, wintertravelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe. Goodavalanche safety is a continuous (11) process , includingroute selection and examination of the snowpack,weather (12) conditions , and human factors. Severalwell-known good habits can also(13) reduce the risk. Iflocal authorities issue avalanche risk reports, theyshould be considered and all warnings should be paid(14) attention to. Never follow in the tracks of otherswithout
snow conditions arealmost certain to have changed since they were made.Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche pathswhere plants are (15)missing or damaged. Avoidtraveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.第三篇 Giant Structures多功能词典It is an impossible task to select the most amazingwonders of the modem world since every year more__1wonderful_ constructions appear. Here are threegiant structures which are worthy of our__2admiration__ although they may have beensurpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in theworld when they pleted in 1999. With a__3height__ of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, liketwo thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. Atthe 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge,symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American__4architct__ Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the buildingprovides around 1,800 square metres of office space__5on_ every floor. And it has a shopping centre and aconcert hall at the base. Other __6_features_ of thisimpressive building include double-decker lifts, andglass and steel sunshades.The Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the TamValley,in southern France. __7at__ the time it wasbuilt,it was the world’s highest bridge, __8resching__over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is describedas one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in theworld. It was built to __9relieve_ Millau's congestionproblems. The congestion was then caused by trafficpassing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridgewas built to withstand the __10most_ extreme seismicand climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largestconstructions of its kind in the world. It consists of aseries of dams across the River Parana, __11which__forms a natural border between Brazil and Paraguay.Started in 1975 and taking 16 years plete, theconstruction was carried out as a joint project betweenthe two __12countries__. The dam is well-known forboth its electricity output and its size. In 1995 itproduced 78% of Paraguay’s and 25% of Brazil’s__13energy_ needs. In its construction, the__14amount__ of iron and steel used was equivalent toover 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a __15truly__ amazingwonder of engineering.第四篇 Animal’s “Sixth Sense”A tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the IndianOcean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands ofpeople in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals, (1)however, seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami.This phenomenon adds weight to notions that I theypossess a “sixth sense” for (2)disasters, experts said.Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giantwaves that killed over 24,000 people along the IndianOcean island’s coast clearly (3)missed wild beasts,with no dead animals found.“No elephants are dead, not (4)even dead rabbit.I think animals can(5)sense disaster. They have a sixthsense. They know when things are happening.” H.D.Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lanka’s WildlifeDepartment, said about one month after the tsunamiattack. The(6)waves washed floodwaters up to 2 milesinland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast,Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife (7)reserve and home tohundreds of wild elephants and several leopards.“There has been a lot of (8)apparent evidenceabout dogs barking or birds migrating before volcaniceruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,”said Matthew van Lierop an animal behavior(9)specialist at Johannesburg Zoo.“There have been no ( 10 )specific studiesbecause you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting2,”he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this(11)assessment.“Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain (12)phenomenon, especially birds… there are many reportsof birds detecting impending disasters,” said CliveWalker, who has written several books on Africanwildlife.Animals(13)certainly rely on the known sensessuch as smell or hearing to avoid danger such aspredators.The notion of an animal “sixth sense”-or (14)some other mythical power-is an enduring one3 whichthe evidence on Sri Lanka’s ravaged coast is likely toadd to.The Romans saw owls (15)as omens of impendingdisaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants assacred animals endowed with special powers orattributes.第五篇 Singing Alarms Could Save the BlindIf you cannot see, you may not be able to findyour way out of a burning building ---- and that could befatal. pany in Leeds could change all that (1)with directional sound alarms capable if guiding you tothe exit.Sound Alert, pany ( 2 ) run by theUniversity of Leeds, is installing the alarms in aresidential home for(3)blind people in Sommerset anda resource centre for the blind in Cumbria.(4)Thealarms produce a wide range of frequencies that enablethe brain to determine where the (5)sound ingfrom.Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that thealarms use most of the frequencies that can be (6)heard by humans. “It’s a burst of white noise (7)thatpeople say sounds like static on the radio,”she says. “Itslife-saving potential is great.”She conducted an experiment in which peoplewere filmed by thermal—imaging cameras trying to findtheir way out of a large (8)smoke-filled room. It (9)took them nearly four minutes to find the door (10)without a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.Withington studies how the brain ( 11 )processes sounds at the university. She says that the(12)source of a wide band of frequencies can bepinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band.Alarms (13)based on the same concept have alreadybeen installed on emergency vehicles.The alarms will also include rising or falling多功能词典frequencies to indicate whether people should go up(14)or down stairs. They were(15)developed withthe aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels.第六篇 Car Thieves could Be Stopped RemotelySpeeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks hehas got a great catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. Thecar is fitted with a remote immobilizer and a radio signalfrom a control center miles away will ensure that oncethe thief switches the engine 1 off , he will not be able tostart it again.For now, such devices 2 are only available forfleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used onconstruction sites. But remote immobilizationtechnology could soon start to trickle down to ordinarycars, and 3 should be available to ordinary cars in theUK 4 in two months.The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to thecarincorporates 5 a miniature cellphone, amicroprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellitepositioning receiver. 6 If the car is stolen, a codedcellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle’sengine management system and prevent the engine 7being restarted.There are even plans for immobilizers 8 that shutdown vehicles on the move, though there are fears overthe safety implications of such a system.In the UK. an array of technical fixes is alreadymaking 9 life harder for car thieves. “The pattern ofvehicles crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall ofThatcham, a security anization based inBerkshire that is funded in part 10 by the motorinsurance industry.He says it would only take him a few minutes to11 teach a novice how to steal a car, using a bareminimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10years old.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition, as theirengine puter will not 12 allow them tostart unless they receive a unique ID code beamed outby the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this 13have helped achieve a 31 per cent drop invehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing tofind other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold ofthe owner’s keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 per cent ofvehicles stolen in the UK were taken using the owner’skeys double the previous year’s figure.Remote-controlled immobilization system would14 put a major new obstacle in the criminal’s way bymaking such thefts pointless. A group that includesThatcham, the police, panies and securitytechnology firms have developed standards for a systemthat could goon the market sooner than the 15 customerexpects.第七篇 An intelligent carDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain,and coordination between hands and the brain. Manyhuman drivers have all (1) these and can control afast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car controlitself?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. Thisvirtual driver has “eyes,”“brains”,“hands” and “feet”,too. The mini-cameras (2) on each side of the car are his“eyes,” which observe the road and conditions ahead ofit. They watch the (3) traffic to the car’s left and right.There is also a highly (4) automatic driving system inthe car. It is the built-puter, which is the virtualdriver’s “brain. ” His “brain” calculates the speeds of (5)other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions.Basing on this information, it chooses the right (6) pathfor the intelligent cars, and gives (7) instructions to the“hands”and “feets”to act accordingly. In this way, thevirtual driver controls his car.What is the virtual driver’s best advantage? Hereacts (8) quickly. The mini-cameras are (9) sendingimages continuously to the “brain”. It (10) completesthe processing of the images within 100 milliseconds.However, the world’s best drier (11) at least needs onesecond to react. (12) Besides, when he takes action, heneeds one more second.The virtual driver is really wonderful. He canreduce the accident (13) rate considerably onexpressway. In this case. Can we let him have the wheelat any time and in any place? Experts (14) warn that wecannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things isstill (15) limited. He can now only drive an intelligentcar on expressways.第八篇 Why India Needs Its Dying VulturesThe vultures in question may look ugly and threatening,but the sudden sharp __1decline__ in three species ofIndia’s vultures is producing alarm rather thancelebration, and it presents the world with a new kind ofenvironmental __2_problemb_ The dramatic decline invulture numbers is causing widespread disruption topeople living in the same areas as the __3birds__ . It isalso causing serious public health problems__4_across_ the Indian sub-continent.While their reputation and appearance may beunpleasant to many Indians,vultures have__5long__played a very important role in keeping townsand villages all over India clean. It is__6_because_they feed on dead cows. In India, cowsare sacred animals and are __7_traditionallt_ left in theopen when they die in their thousands upon thousandsevery year.The disappearance of the vultures has __8_led to_ anexplosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on theremains of these dead animals. There are fears thatrabies may __9_increase_ as a result. And this terrifyingdisease may ultimately affect humans in the region,since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could alsospread to other animal species, causing an even greaterproblem in the __10_future_.The need for action is __11_urgent_, so an emergencyproject has been launched to __12_find_ a solution tothis serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying toidentify the disease causing the birds,deaths and, ifpossible, develop a cure.Large-scale vulture __13_deaths_ were first noticed atthe end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that多功能词典time showed that the three species of vultures haddeclined __14_by_ over 90 per cent. All three speciesare now listed as “critically endangered”. As mostvultures lay only single eggs and __15_take_ about fiveyears to reach maturity, reversing their populationdecline will be a long and difficult exercise.第九篇 Wonder WebsSpider webs are more than homes, and they areingenious traps. And the world’s best web spinner maybe the Golden Orb Weaver spider. The female OrbWeaver spins a web of fibers thin enough to be invisibleto insect prey, yet (1)tough enough to snare a flying birdwithout breaking.The secret of the web’s strength? A type ofsuper-resilient (2)silk called dragline. When the femalespider is ready to (3)weave the web’s spokes and frame,she uses her legs to draw the airy thread out through ahollow nozzle in her belly. Dragline is not sticky, so thespider can race back and forth along (4)it to spin theweb’s trademark spiral.Unlike some spiders that weave a new web everyday, a Golden Orb Weaver (5)reuses her handiworkuntil it falls apart, sometimes not for two years. Thesilky thread is five times stronger than steel by weightand absorbs the force of an impact three times betterthan Kevlar, a high-strength human-made (6)materialused in bullet-proof vests. And thanks to its high tensilestrength, or the ability to resist breaking under thepulling force called tension, a single strand can stretchup to 40 percent longer than its original (7)length andsnap back as well as new. No human-made fiber es (8)close .It is no (9)wonder manufacturers are clamoringfor spider silk. In the consumer pipeline:High-performance fabrics for athletes and stockings thatnever run. Think parachute cords and suspension bridgecables. A steady (10)supply of spider silk would beworth billions of dollars – but how to produce it?Harvesting silk on spider farms does not (11)workbecause the territorial arthropods have a tendency todevour their neighbors.Now, scientists at the panyNexia are spinning artificial silk modeled after GoldenOrb dragline. The (12)first step: extract silk-makinggenes from the spiders. Next, implant the genes intogoat egg cells. The nanny goats that grow from the eggssecrete dragline silk proteins in their (13)milk . “Theyoung goats pass on the silk-making gene without(14)any help from us,” says Nexia president JeffreyTurner. Nexia is still perfecting the spinning process, butthey hope artificial spider silk will soon be snaggingcustomers (15)as fast as the real thing snags bugs.第十篇 Chicken Soup for the fort FoodFights LonelinessMashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may bebad for your arteries.1 but according to a study inPsychological Science, they’re good for your heart and2emotions.The study focuses on “comfort food” andhow it makes people feel.&For me 3 personally ,food has always played abig role in my family,” says Jordan Troisi, a graduatestudent at the University of Buffalo, and lead author onthe study.The study came out of the research programof his co—author Shira Gabriel.It has 4looked atnon-human things that may affect humanemotions.Some people reduce loneliness by bondingwith their 5favorite TV show, building virtualrelationships with a pop song singer or looking atpictures of loved ones.Troisi and Gabriel wondered fort food could have the same effect 6 by makingpeople think of their nearest and dearest.In one experiment, in order to make 7participants feel lonely, the researchers had them writefor six minutes about a fight with someone close tothem.Others were given an emotionally neutral writingassignment. Then, some people in each 8groupwrote about the experience of eating fort food andothers wrote about eating a new food.9 Finally ,theresearchers had participants plete questionsabout their levels of loneliness.Writing about a fight with a close person made peoplefeel lonely.But people who were generally 11secure intheir relationships would feel less lonely by writingabout fort food.&We have found fortfoods are consistently associated with those close tous.&says Troisi.&Thinking about or consuming thesefoods later then serves as a reminder of those closeothers.&In 12their essays fort food, many peoplewrote about the 13 experience of eating food withfamily and friends.In another experiment, 14eating chicken soup inthe lab made people think more about relationships, butonly if they considered chicken soup to be fortfood.This was a question they had been asked longbefore the experiment, along with many other questions,so they wouldn’t remember it.Throughout everyone’s daily lives theyexperience stress, often associated with our15connections with others,& Troisi says.&Comfort foodCan be an easy remedy for loneliness.第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks forUnprepared CitiesA new examination of urban policies hasbeen 1carried out recently by Patricia RomeroLankao.She is a sociologist specializing in climatechange and 2 urban development.She warns that manyof the world’s fast-growing urban areas,especially indeveloping countries.will likely suffer from the impactsof changing climate.Her work also concludes that mostcities are failing to 3reduce emissions of carbondioxide and other greenhouse 4 gases .These gases areknown to affect the atmosphere.”Climate change is adeeply local issue and poses profound threats to thegrowing cities of the world,” says Romero Lankao. ”Buttoo few cities are developing effective strategies to5protect their residents.&Cities are 6 major sources of greenhousegases.And urban populations are likely to be amongthose most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao’s findings highlight ways in which多功能词典city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggestpolicy interventions that could offer immediate andlonger-term 7 benefits .The locations and dense construction patterns ofcities often place their populations at greater risk fornatural disasters. Potential 8threats associated withclimate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather.Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hotweather can heat 9 heavily paved cities more thansurrounding areas.The impacts of such natural eventscan be more serious in an urban environment.Forexample,a prolonged heat wave can increaseexisting levels of air pollution,causing widespreadhealth problems.Poorer neighborhoodsthat may 10lack basic facilities such as drinking wateror a work of roads,are especiallyvulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in poorercountries live in substandard housing 11 without accessto reliable drinking water,roads and basic services.Local governments, 12therefore,should takemeasures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately,they tend to move towards rhetoric 13ratherthan meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, ”They don’t impose construction standards that couldreduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don'temphasize mass transit and reduce 14automobile use.In fact, many local governments are taking ahands—off approach.” Thus, she urges themto change their 15 idle policies and to take strong stepsto prevent the harmful effects of climate change oncities.第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food CouldNeutralize Heart RiskFast food outlets could provide statin drugs freeof 1charge so that customers can reduce the heartdisease dangers of fatty food, researchers at ImperialCollege London 2suggest in a new study.Statins reduce the 3amount of unhealthy ”LDL”cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data hasproven them to be highly effective at lowering aperson’s heart attack 4risk .In a paper published in the American Journal ofCardiology,Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculatethat the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statinis 5enough to offset the increase in heart attack riskfrom 6eating a cheeseburger and drinking amilkshake.Dr Francis,from the National Heart and LungInstitute at Imperial College London,who is the seniorauthor of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11 ofthe 7unhealthy effects of cheeseburgers and Frenchfries.It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether.But we’veworked out that in terms of your 8possobility of havinga heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk tomore or less thesame 9degree as a fast food mealincreases it.”“It’s ironic that people are free to take as manyunhealthv condiments in fast food outletsas they 10like , but statins, which are beneficial to hearthealth, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to makerisk-reducing statins available just as easily as theunhealthy condiments that are 11provided free ofcharge.It would cost less than 5 penceper 12customer ---not much different to a sachet ofsugar.” Dr Francis said.When people engage in risky behaviours like drivingor smoking, they’re encouraged to take 13measures thatlower their risk, 1ike 14wearing a seatbelt or choosingcigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of15lowering some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.第十三篇 Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat,More Light (更有效的太阳能体系:更多热能,更强灯光)Solar photovoltaic thermal energy systems, orPVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but __1_until_now they haven’t been very good at the heat-pared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector.That’s because they operate at low temperatures to coolcrystalline silicon solar cells, which lets the silicongenerate more __2_electricity_ but isn’t a very efficientway to gather heat.That’s a problem of __3ceonomics_ . Good solarhot-water systems can harvest much more energy than asolar-electric system at a substantially lower __4_cost_.And it,s also a space problem:photovoltaic cells cantake up all the space on the roof, leaving little room forthermal applications.In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, an associateprofessor of materials science and engineering, hasdevised a __5_solution_ in the form of a better PVTmade with a different kind of silicon. His researchcollaborators are Kunal Girotra from ThinSilicon inCalifornia and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrisonfrom Queen’s University, Canada.&Most solar panels are made with crystallinesilicon,but you can also make solar cells out ofamorphous silicon, monly_ known as thin-filmsilicon. They don’t create as much electricity, but theyare lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And, because they__7require__ much less silicon, they have a greenerfootprint. Unfortunately,thin-film silicon solar cells are__8vulnerable__ to some bad-news physics in the formof the Staebler-Wronski effect.“That means that their efficiency __9drops__ whenyou expose them to light — pretty much the worstpossible effect for a solar cell,” Pearce explains,whichis one of the __10reasons__ thin- film solar panelsmake up only a small fraction of the market.However, Pearce and his team found a way toengineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect byincorporating thin-film silicon in a new __11_type_ ofPVT. You don’t have to cool down thin-film silicon tomake it work. In fact,Pearce’s group discovered that byheating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures,nearthe boiling __12point__ of water, they could makethicker cells that largely 13overcame__ theStaebler-Wronski effect. When they applied thethin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy__14collector__ , they also found that by baking the cellonce a day , they __15boosted__ the solar cell’selectrical efficiency by over 10 percent.第十四篇 Sharks Perform a Service for Earth'sWaters(鲨鱼有益于地球水系)It is hard to get people to think of sharks as anythingbut a deadly enemy1. They are thought to attack多功能词典people frequently. But these fish2 perform a valuableservice for earth's waters and for human beings. Yetbusiness and sport fishing3 are threatening theirexistence Some sharks are at risk of disappearing fromEarthWarm weather may influence both fish and sharkactivity. Many fish swim near coastal areas because oftheir warm waters. Experts say sharks may follow thefish into the same areas, where people also swim. Infact, most sharks do not purposely charge at or bitehumans. They are thought to mistake a person for asea animal, such as a seal or sea lion. That is why peopleshould not swim in the ocean when the sun goes es up. Those are the times when sharks arelooking for food. Experts also say that bright colors andshiny jewelry may cause sharks to attack.A shark has an extremely good sense of smell4' It canfind small amounts of substances in water, such as blood,body liquids and chemicals produced by animals.These powerful senses help sharks fred their food.Sharks eat fish, any other sharks, and plants that livein the ocean.Medical researchers want to learn more about theshark's body defense, and immune systemsagainst disease. Researchers know that sharks recoverquickly from injuries. They study the shark in hopes offinding a way to fight human disease.Sharks are important for the world's oceans Theyeat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activitiesmean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters donot e too great This protects the plants andother forms of life that exist in the oceans.第十五篇“Liquefaction” Key to Much of JapaneseEarthquake Damage (“液化”是日本地震破坏的关键)The massive subduction zone1 earthquake in Japancaused a significant level of soil &liquefaction& that hassurprised researchers with its widespread severity, anew analysis shows.&We've seen localized3 examples of soilliquefaction as extreme as this before, but the distanceand extent of damage in Japan were unusually severe,&said Scott Ashford, a professor of geotechnicalengineering4 at Oregon State University5. &Entirestructures were tilted and sinking into the sediments,&Ashford said. &The shifts in soil destroyed water, drainand gas pipelines6, crippling the utilities andinfrastructure munities need to function. Wesaw some places that sank as much as four feet.&Some degree of soil liquefaction7 mon inalmost any major earthquake. It's a phenomenon inwhich soils soaked with water, particularly recentsediments or sand, can lose much of their strength andflow during an earthquake. This can allow structures toshift or sink or collapse .But most earthquakes are much shorter than therecent event in Japan, Ashford said. The length of theJapanese earthquake, as much as five minutes, mayforce researchers to reconsider the extent of liquefactiondamage possibly occurring in situations such as this.&With such a long-lasting earthquake, we saw howstructures that might have been okay after 30 secondsjust continued to sink and tilt as the shaking continuedfor several more minutes,& he said. &And it was clearthat younger sediments, and especially areas built onrecently filled ground, are much more vulnerable.&The data provided by analyzing the Japaneseearthquake, researchers said, should make it possible toimprove the understanding of this soil phenomenon andbetter prepare for it in the future. Ashford said it wascritical for the team to collect the information quickly,before damage was removed in the recovery efforts.&There's no doubt that we'll learn things from whathappened in Japan10 that11 will help us to reduce risksin other similar events ,& Ashford said. &Futureconstruction in some places may make more use oftechniques known to reduce liquefaction, such as paction to make soils dense, or use of reinforcingstone columns.&Ashford pointed out that northern California haveyounger soils vulnerable to liquefaction ---on the coast,near river deposits or in areas with filled ground. The&young& sediments, in geologic terms, may be thosedeposited within the past 10,000 years or more. InOregon, for instance, that describes much of downtownPortland, the Portland International Airport and othercities.Anything near a river and old flood plains is asuspect12, and the Oregon Department of Transportationhas already concluded that 1,100 bridges in the state areat risk from an earthquake. Fewer than 15 percent ofthem have been reinforced to prevent collapse. Japanhas suffered tremendous losses in the March 11earthquake, but Japanese construction standards helpedprevent many buildings from collapse ---even as theytilted and sank into the ground.播放器加载中，请稍候...
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2014职称英语理工A新增文章+完形填空(小抄) 多功能词典阅读判断第八篇 What Is a Dream?For centuries,----. It’s important to remember thatthe world of dreams is not the real world.1.Not everyone agrees that dreams are meaningful. ARight2.According to Freud, people dream about things thatthey cannot talk...
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