常见的英语同义词50组(上)
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常见的英语同义词50组(上)
更新时间： 19:07:17 发布者：佚名
&&& 学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分；语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分；文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。下面是笔者整理的50组同义词。
&&&& 1. 路 2. 时代 3. 战斗 4. 牧师 5. 服装 6. 哭 7. 美丽,漂亮 8. 拉,拖 9. 旋转 10. 生气,气愤 11. 错误 12. 图画 13. 特别的 14. 取消,消灭 15.破碎 16. 环境,形势 17. 著名的 18. 强盗 19. 摇动,颤动 20. 说话,谈话 21. 事情,事件 22. 承认 23. 走路 24. 跳 25. 特点,特征
&way: Wherever there is room for an object to proceed, there is a way.
&road: A road is a prepared way for traveling with horses or vehicles.
& path: A way suitable to be traveled only by foot passengers or by animals.
& route: A route is a line of travel, and may be over many roads.
& street: A street is in some centre of habitation, as a city town or village, when it passes between houses of dwellings.
& avenue: A avenue is a long, broad and imposing( 壮严) or principal street.
2.时代(期) (时期)
&period: It indicates any passage of time, great or small. /an extent of time of any length.
&time(s): It refers to a period in history. in ancient times/ in Victoria time (新时代)
&epoch: It indicates a long period of time marked by events or development of a particular kind.
&The first flight into space marked a new epoch in the history of mankind.
&era: It refers to a very long period of time marked by a particular feature in a great new era of world revolution
&age: It shows a particular /a fairly definite period in history. the Bronze Age, Iron Age
&3.战斗 (打仗)
&fight: It is a bodily struggle (奋斗 斗争)
&struggle: An effort of any kind to overcome difficulty.
&(战斗) battle: A fight between armed forces.
&(战役) campaign: A series of related military operations in a war.
&(战争) war: A period of fight between countries or states when
&weapons are used and many people are killed.
&(对抗) combat: A fight, conflict, controversy.
&4.牧师 (教士 牧师)
&priest: A person, esp. a man specially trained for various religious duties and ceremonies, in the& Christian church, esp. in the Roman Catholic church
&(牧师) minister: A member of clergy, esp. Protestant churches.
&(牧师) clergy(pl): The officially appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular church or temple.
&clergyman: clergymen(pl) a member of clergy.
&(牧师) pastor: A Christian religious leader in charge of a church and its members, esp. in a Protestant church.
&(教区牧师) vicar: A priest in charge of an area(parish) in the church of England.
&father: A little of respect for a priest, esp. in the Roman Catholic.
&clothing(collect): (fml) General term of clothes.
&clothes(no single): Coverings of the body such as coats,
&dresses, suits, shoes, hats.
&garment(fl): A suit of clothes used by actors./a single article of clothing.
&costume: 1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a people,& nation, class, period, etc.
&2) A dress worn by actors in a play. uniform: worn by all members of the community.
&dress: 1) A kind of outer garment worn by women (连衣裙).
&2) worn on special occasions (礼服) evening dress/ morning dress
& suit: A set of outer clothes to be worn together. evening suit/swimming suit
&coat: A garment with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from rain, heat, etc.
&overcoat: A warn coat worn in the street.&&
&cry: The most general one.
&(哭泣) weep: To let flow tears.
&(抽泣 抽嗒) sob: To weep or sigh with short quick breaths.
&(哭天抹泪 涕泪交流) snivel: To sniffle and cry in a irritating manner.
&(哭嚎 又哭又闹) blubber: To cry loudly noisily.
&(发出低声报怨声) whine: To make a low complaining cry.
&(嚎哭) bawl: To utter loud cries (always in bad sense).
&(痛哭) wail: To cry aloud from pain or sorrow.
&(呻吟) moan: To make a low, miserable sound in pain or sorrow.
&(呻吟) grown: To make a low sound of pain, unhappiness or disapproval
&(哀悼) mourn: To feel or show sadness or sorrow for someone who has died.
&(哀悼) lament: To express great sorrow or regret.&&
7.美丽 漂亮
&good-looking: Having an attractive appearance in a strong, healthy way used for men and women not things.
&beautiful: ( a woman or a thing) Suggesting symmetry of features or perfection of proportion, elegance and mobility. beautiful flowers, a beautiful girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather.
&handsome: Of attractive appearance applies to men. a handsome fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.
&pretty: (a girl, or a small thing) Suggesting liveliness and sweetness, pleasing or nice to look at. a pretty little woman/garden, a pretty girl/ picture/piece of music,&&
&lovely: (something) So beautiful that it makes you feel good to look at it or even to think about it. The garden looks lovely.&&
&fair: Beautiful( of woman in poet) light in color esp., skin hair.
&gorgeous: (persons or things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or handsome.&&
&pull: The most general one.
&draw: It implies a smoother, steadier motion and generally a lighter force than pull.
&drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction, resistance or gravity.
&The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place.
&haul: It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or bulky objects.
&The fisherman is hauling a net.
&tug: It applies to hard often sudden violent effort to pull.&&
&He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions.
&jerk: To pull suddenly.
&He jerked out the knife that was stuck in the wound.
&tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We towed the car to the nearest garage.
&wrench: To pull hard with a twisting or turning movement.
9.旋转 turn: The most general one.
&(自转) spin: To turn quickly around a central point.
&It emphasizes the continuity of the action, and usually the narrow extent of the circular motion.
&The wheel is spinning on its axis.
&(急转) whirl: To round very fast.
&It implies the lock of conscious control.
&The leaves whirl in the wind in the yard.
&(转动) rotate: To turn round a fixed point with a circular movement.
&The earth rotates once every 24 hours.
&(绕转) revolve: To turn or move in a circle around a central point.
&It indicates circular or elliptical (椭圆) movement.
&The planets revolve around the sun.
10.生气 气愤
&anger: The most general one.
&(易怒) be cross: Feeling easy to get angry.
&(愤慨) indignation: (fml) Anger.
&It stresses righteous anger at what one considers unfair, mean or shameful.
&We expressed our indignation at the ruthless exploitation.
&(愤怒) wrath: Very treat anger. (literary)
&It suggests a desire on intent to revenge or punish.
&(狂怒) rage: Wild, violent anger.
&It suggests loss of self- control from violence of emotion. in a rage /to fall into a rage.
&(暴怒) fury: Violent, extreme and destructive anger.
&She flew into a fury.
&(误会) mistake: A wrong thought, act. It implies carelessness& Anyone can make a mistake.
&(过错 弱点) fault: A bad point, but not of a serious moral kind. It refers to behavior and character. His only fault is that he lacks ambition.
&find fault with sb / at fault shortcoming: Weakness, failing&&
&It refers to failures or deficiencies in things as well as people.
&In spite of all her shortcomings I still think she's one of the best teachers in the school.
&(疏忽) error: A mistake (formal sometimes literary)
&It implies deviation from a standard or model
&The accident was caused by human error.
&(缺点 毛病) defect: sth lacking or imperfect.
&It refers to quality.
&The radio was returned because of a defect.
&(失误 过失) blunder: A very stupid or unnecessary mistake.
&It implies ignorance.
&This is the fatal blunder of his life.&&
&picture: The most general one.
&(彩图) painting: pictures with color.
&(绘画 图画) drawing: A picture made with a pen, pencil and crayon. Sketch, diagrams and graphs are all drawings.
&(草图) sketch: A rough not detailed drawing.
&(图解 图表) diagram: A drawing, figure that shows the arrangement of something.
&(曲线图) graph: A diagram in which a straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows how two sets of numbers or measurements are related.
&(插图) illustration: A picture to go with words of a book.
&(图样 草图) draft: The first rough written form of anything.&&
&(平面图) plan: A line drawing of a building as it might been seen from above.
&(主视图) elevation: A flat upright side of a building.
&(海图) chart: A map esp. a detailed map of a sea area.&
&(专门的,与众不同的) special: Different in some way from what is common, ordinary, or usual.
&It stresses having a quality, character, identity, or use of its own.
&The tube contains special gases.
&(特别的) especial: (fml) To an usually great degree, exceptional
&It emphasizes the importance of the things or the persons mentioned
&This is a matter of especial importance.
&(各别的) particular: Relating or belonging to only one thing or person.
&It stresses the distinctness of something as an individual which is worth notice. In that particular case, the rule doesn't hold.(适用)
&(特种的) specific: Detailed and exact, clear in meaning and explanation,& fixed, determined.(used in scientific articles)
&It implies a quality or character distinguishing a kind or a species.
&He gave me a very specific instruction. There is a specific tool for each job.
&(独特的) peculiar: Strange or perhaps unpleasant.
&It implies strangeness. He has a peculiar way of speaking.
14.取消 消灭
&(取消 解除) cancel: To give up, to declare something is to be effective.
&He has cancelled his leave of absence.(消假)
&(废除 废止) abolish: To do away with. It refers to practices, social institutions. Bad customs should be abolished.
&(消灭 排除) eliminate: To get rid of.
&We should eliminate the false and retain the true.
&(撤消 废除) repeal: To bring to an end of the effect of a law or an order. Some laws should be repealed.
&(根除 消灭) exterminate: To destroy completely and wholly.
&Colonialism must be exterminated.
&break: The most general one.
&(压碎 压破) crush: To press together violently as to break, to destroy its shape by squeezing it. It suggests the effect of great external pressure.
&The tree fell on top of the car and crushed it.
&(打碎) smash: To break thoroughly to pieces with a crushing sound.
&She dropped the plate and smashed it.
&(打裂) crack: To break without separation of parts.
&It suggests the breaking out across a surface.
&He cracked the window by leaning against it.
&(破裂)& burst: To break open by pressure from within.
&The fireworks burst while they were in the air.
&(砸碎 破碎) shatter: To break into pieces.
&It suggests the breaking up of a thin surface.
&The glass was shattered to pieces.
&(撞坏) crash: To refer to the vehicle which hits something and is badly damaged.
16.环境 形势
&(环境 形势) conditions: The location and other factors likely to
&affect it. It suggests something that has stayed the same for&
&some time and which affects daily life such as food, work, and houses.
&We are now studying the economic conditions in the developing countries.
&(形势) situation: A position or state at a particular time, set of conditions, facts, and events having an& effect on a person, society, etc.
&It suggests more general matters such as government planning and finance.
&The political situation in these countries are always changing.
&(环境 周围 外界) environment: The circumstances, things and conditions that influence you. It refers to spirit aspect, physical aspect and
&material aspect. We must try to beautify our environment.
&(形势 情况) circumstance(s): A situation or event around us, a certain& kind of atmosphere, the conditions that affect
&what happens. in (under) the circumstances
&(环境 周围事物) surrounding(s): The area and environment around a place or
&person. It indicates a very narrow condition, "physically" sometimes reflects spiritual aspect.
&They lived in hostile surroundings.
&well-known: (infl)
&famous: The most general one. widely known or honored.
&(杰出的 知名的) distinguished: Great, outstanding marked by excellent quality or deserved fame, used especially of people who are famous for serious work in science, the arts etc.
& He was a distinguished writer.
&(驰名的) celebrated: Famous, (substitute for renowned)
&It refers objectively to sb or something that has been give acclaim or honoured with awards or prizes. She was a celebrated actress.
& renowned: Highly honored and famous for something good. often refers to places or things, also It suggests something that has become legendary or is no longer available for an objective evaluation.
&Edison was renowned for his inventions.
&noted: Well-known and admired
&It often describes a more intellectual kind of effort and accomplishment indicating an authority& or expert or their theories. Maybe it is not widely
&known to the general public. He was a very noted expert.
&(臭名昭著) notorious: Famous for something bad.
&He is notorious for his crimes.
&thief: The most general one.
&(强盗) robber: It suggests a direct confrontation in which the owner is forced to give up his valuables.
&(行凶强劫) mugger: A person who attacks and robs people in a street or in a lift.
&burglar: A person who breaks into a house at night to steal something.
&(歹徒 暴徒) gangster: A member of a group of criminals, esp. those who are
&armed and use guns to threaten.
&(匪徒) bandit: an armed robber.
&It suggests an organized group in a rural setting.
&(土匪) brigand: A robber who lives by robbing travelers in the country.
&(海盗) pirate: A person who robs on the sea.&
19.摇动,颤动
&shake: The most general one. to move up and down or back and forth.
&It refers to persons or things.
&(发抖) quiver: To tremble a little.
&It suggests a rapid but invisible vibration.
&His lips quivered with emotion.
&(颤抖) tremble: To shake uncontrollably and slightly as from fear,& cold, excitement etc.
&It implies uneasiness and nervousness.
&Her voice trembled as she began to sing.
&(瞬间发抖) shiver: To tremble from fear or cold.
&It suggests a slight and rapid movement.
&He stood shivering in the snow.
&(极度颤动) quake: to shake or tremble violently.
&It suggests a more violent and sudden change.
&He quaked with excitement.
&An explosion cam make the ground quake.
&(抽筋般颤动) shudder: To shake uncontrollably for a movement.
&It suggests a more intense shaking.
&She shuddered at the sight of a snake.
20.说话 谈话
&speak: To use your voice to say words.
&(说) say: To speak words.
&(发出声音) utter: To make sound and say words.
& drawl: To speak in a slow, prolonged manner.
&mutter: To express displeasure with compressed lips.
&rave: To talk in an angry, uncontrolled way.
&gabble: To talk rapidly, making inarticulate sounds.
&(谈论) remark: To mention it or comment on it.
&(陈述) state: To say, express or put into words, esp. formally.
&He stated his view.
&(讲述) narrate: To tell formally in writing or speech or describe
&something in order with intonation.
&He narrated his adventure in the forest.
&(详述) relate: To tell formally in details, to give an account of.
&He related his experiences.
&(讲演) address: To say in speech or writing to a person or group.
&tell: To let people know about something.
&talk: To say things to someone.
&converse: To talk formally.
&The scholars are conversing with each other on
&linguistics.
&chat: To talk in a friendly, familiar, informal manner.
&The two friends sat in a corner and chatted.
&chatter: To talk continuously rapidly about small things.
&The schoolgirls went along chattering.
&whisper: To talk in a low voice.
&She whispered me not to talk so loudly.
&murmur: To make a soft sound, esp. to speak or say in a quiet voice.
&He often murmurs to himself.
&(闲谈) gossip: To talk about the details of other people's actions
&and private lives which may not correct or proper.
&That woman is very fond of gossiping about others.
&stammer: To speak with pauses and repeated sounds because of excitement, embarrassment.
&stutter: To speak with pauses and repeated sounds because of
&inherent speech defect.
21.事情,事件
&(事) thing: An event, a fact, a subject.
&He talked of many interesting things.
&(事情) matter: Seth that you have to deal with, something to be discussed, thought over.
&There are several matters to be dealt with at the meeting.
&(事务 责任) business: A special duty, something that has to be done.
&Public business is every one's business.
&(事务) affair: An event or set of connected events. (pl) private and personal life.
&I have many affairs to look after.
&(事件) event: An important happening. Events such as birthdays and anniversaries are often celebrated.
&Do you know the chief events of 1986.
&incident: Not as important as an event. Incidents seldom are celebrated. Sometimes an event becomes an incident after many years have passed.
&(偶然事件) happening: An occurrence, and sometimes an unusual one.
&There have been strange happenings here lately.
&(偶发事件) occurrence: An incident that is usually unexpected and has not been planned ahead of time.
&Flood is practically an annual occurrence in this district.&
22.承认 admit: To agree to the truth of, usu, something bad.&&
&It suggests reluctance or possible objection.
&He admitted his crime/stealing.
&(自白 供认) confess: To admit guilt as to a crime or as to a shortcoming, in the sense of making known to others one's own error or wrong doing.
&He confessed his fault/doing something wrong.
&acknowledge: to agree the truth of, recognize the fact or existence of what have said or done, good or bad.
&It emphasizes openly in a embarrassing or awkward and usually not voluntary way.
&I acknowledged my signature/mistakes/errors/having been defeated.
&grant: To admit or to agree something is true.
&I granted his request/his honesty.
&take sth/sb for granted.
&concede: To admit as true, just or proper often unwillingly because of overwhelming evidence.
&I conceded you that point, but I still think you are wrong.
&recognize: To accept or acknowledge it.
&It refers to something about law and diplomacy.
&The new regime was recognized by China.
&walk: The most general one.
&stride: To walk with long steps.
&He strode through the station a few minutes before the train left.
&(高视阔步) stalk: To walk stiffly, slowly, and proudly with long steps.
&trot: To jog, move quickly, usu refers to horses.
&(蹒跚而行) waddle: To walk from side to side with short steps like a duck.
&The fat man waddled out of the room.
&(蹒跚) stagger: To walk unsteadily, slide and drag the feet almost
&falling at each step, usually because of illness,& injury or drink.
&After drinking too much, he staggered in the street.
&(摇摆蹒跚) totter: To walk unsteadily showing great weakness often used
&of very young children learning to walk. The child tottered before his parents.
&(拖着脚走) shuffle: To move without lifting the feet clear of the floor& as if wearing slippers.
&The old man shuffled along the road.
&(趾高气扬地走) strut To walk in a proud strong way, esp. with the chest out and trying to look important.
&(慢行) amble: To walk at an easy gentle rate.
&It stresses a leisurely but regular movement.
&(闲逛) stroll: To walk, esp. slowly, for pleasure.
&It emphasizes a slower movement, more wandering and aimless with suggestions of many starts and pauses.
&They are strolling through this park.
&saunter: A little more formal than stroll.
&(漫步 徘徊) wander: To move about without a fixed course, aim, or purpose.
&He was wandering about/down/through/up and down the street.
&(漫游) roam: To wander with as very clear aim.
&It suggests a more serious purpose behind the irregular
&of circular movement in complete forgetfulness of time.
&The lovers roamed around/through the fields.
&(跋涉) trudge: To walk heavily and wearily with effort as when one (plod) is tired.
&The hunter was trudging through the deep snow.
&(重步行走) tramp: To walk with firm heavy steps.
&Who has been tramping all over the carpet in muddy shoes.
&(扭扭捏捏地走)
&mince: To walk with little short steps in an affected manner.
&It was a funny sight to see her mince along.
& slouch: To walk in a loose, ungainly (不雅观) way.
&hustle: To walk in a busy, active way.&&
&jump: The most general one. to throw oneself into the air.
&leap: (literary) To spring through the air, often landing& in a different place.
&The boy leaped over the brook without difficulty.
&(跳跃) spring: To leap suddenly and quickly.
&He sprang to his feet at the sudden noise.
&(跳着跑) bound: To spring lightly along.
&It suggests high spirits and excitement.
&His dog bounded to meet me.
&(轻快地跑) skip: To move in a slight dancing way, as with quick steps and jumps.
&The little girl skipped at her mother's side.
&hop: To jump on one leg.
&The boy had hurt his leg and had to hop along.
&vault: To leap over something using the hands or a pole.
&You can vault a fence by putting your hands on it and swinging yourself over.
&hurdle: To jump over some thing while running.
&The horse hurdled the fence and ran into the woods.
25.特点 特征
&quality: The most general one.
&characteristic: Quality typical of a particular person and thing, a special and easily recognized quality of sb/sth.
&It has may scientific or technical uses.
&It implies neutral description in referring to any aspect of something without evaluating its relative importance to the whole.
&A useful characteristic of the cat is its ability to catch and kill mice.
&(特征) character: The combination of qualities which make a particular person, thing, place, etc.
&A tendency not to show emotions is supposed to be part of the British national character.
&(性质) nature: The qualities make someone or something& different from others.
&It indicates the widest range of traits,& including emotional, mental and physical qualities.
&It is only human nature to like money.
&(特征) attribute: A quality belonging to or forming part of the
&mature of a person or thing.
&The word is positive rather than negative.
&Darkness is an attribute of night.
&(特性) peculiarity: The quality of being peculiar, strangeness,& unusualness.
&It shows an unpleasant attribute that is quite noticeable.
&One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not the same size.
&(特色) feature: A typical and noticeable part or quality.
&It suggests something positive and specifically
&It refers to physical appearance.
&A lake is an important feature in this area.
&(品质 特性) trait: A particular quality of sb/sth.
&It refers to more abstract attributes. Honesty and diligence are the chief traits of his character.
&(个性) personality: The whole nature or character of a particular person.
&It refers to the whole indefinable emotional coloration that a specific person gives off. He has a strong personality.
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